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sentence 26
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
ponúdúša+ lemma: ponuditi 'force'
form: 3pl.aor (pf)
me lemma: az 'I'
form: 1sg.acc
dólžnicy lemma: dlъžnik 'debtor'
form: m.pl.nom
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
ʾwrtàcy lemma: ortak 'companion'
form: m.pl.nom
négo_vyí lemma: negov 'his'
form: m.pl.nom.pron
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
poìda lemma: poida 'go, leave'
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
cr҃igrad lemma: Carigrad 'Tsarigrad'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
mě´sto lemma: město 'place'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
sýna lemma: sin 'son'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
ʾegw´ lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (long)
and his creditors and companions forced me to go to Tsarigrad in place of his son,
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
sobirem lemma: sъbiram 'collect'
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
štó lemma: što 'what'
form: interrogative
ʾímaše lemma: imam 'have'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
ʾouzé_ma lemma: uzema 'take'
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
ʾònь lemma: on 'he'
form: m.3sg.nom
parí lemma: pari 'money, coins'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
wt+ lemma: ot 'from'
form: preposition
kasápi+ lemma: kasapin 'butcher'
form: m.pl.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
so that I collect what he had, to take money from the butchers,
po+ lemma: po 'after, along, according to'
form: preposition
џelépskoe lemma: dželepski 'of cattle traders'
form: n.sg.nom/acc.pron
ʾwbyčáí. lemma: običai 'custom'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
as it was a custom among sheep traders.
total elements: 29
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ROOT i ponuduša me dolžnici i otraci negovii da poida na crigrad na město sina ego da sobirem što imaše da ouzema onъ pari ot kasapi te po џelepskoe običai
cc(i-2, ponuduša-3)
root(ponuduša-3, ROOT)
obj(me-4, ponuduša-3)
nsubj(dolžnici-5, ponuduša-3)
cc(i-6, otraci-7)
conj(otraci-7, dolžnici-5)
amod:poss(negovii-8, dolžnici-5)
mark(da-9, poida-10)
advcl(poida-10, ponuduša-3)
case(na-11, crigrad-12)
obl:lat(crigrad-12, poida-10)
case(na-13, město-14)
obl(město-14, poida-10)
nmod(sina-15, město-14)
nmod:poss(ego-16, sina-15)
mark(da-17, sobirem-18)
advcl(sobirem-18, poida-10)
mark(što-19, imaše-20)
advcl:obj(imaše-20, sobirem-18)
mark(da-21, ouzema-22)
conj(ouzema-22, sobirem-18)
nsubj(onъ-23, imaše-20)
obj(pari-24, sobirem-18)
case(ot-25, kasapi-26)
obl(kasapi-26, sobirem-18)
det:p_nom(te-27, kasapi-26)
case(po-28, običai-30)
amod(џelepskoe-29, običai-30)
obl(običai-30, sobirem-18)ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→2
ponúdúša+
ponuduša
lemma: ponuditi 'force' SJS LOVe search
CS
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
suffixes: causative -i-
tag: Vmia3pe
form: 3pl.aor (pf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
me
me
lemma: az 'I' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Annotation uses the following scheme, even if long and short forms can fulfill different syntactic functions: mene Pp1-sg, mi Pp1-sd, me Pp1-sa
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp1-sa
form: 1sg.acc
element 3
dependency: obj→2
dólžnicy
dolžnici
lemma: dlъžnik 'debtor' search
inflection: o-stem noun
suffixes: agent -ьnikъ
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 4
dependency: nsubj→2
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 5
dependency: cc→6
ʾwrtàcy
otraci
lemma: ortak 'companion' search
BAN IV 928: tr. ortak
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmpnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 6
dependency: conj→4
négo_vyí
negovii
lemma: negov 'his' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-
tag: Ampny
form: m.pl.nom.pron
element 7
dependency: amod:poss→4
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: mark→9
poìda
poida
lemma: poida 'go, leave' SJS LOVe search
Biaspectual in SJS - considered a po-future in passages like Ps 85:11.
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmip1se
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
element 9
dependency: advcl→2
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 10
dependency: case→11
cr҃igrad
crigrad
lemma: Carigrad 'Tsarigrad' search
Thus in modern BG, in CS the first root is usually abbreviated. Both C(ěsa)rigrad and c(ěsa)rьstvuęi gradъ are used for Constantinople, but sometimes also for other royal seats like Tarnovo (e.g. in Zogr. 107: kъ slavnomu i c-rstvuǫštomu gradu trъnovu).
inflection: o-stem noun
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 11
dependency: obl:lat→9
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 12
dependency: case→13
mě´sto
město
lemma: město 'place' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 13
dependency: obl→9
sýna
sina
lemma: sin 'son' SJS search
CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 14
dependency: nmod→13
ʾegw´
ego
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msg
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (long)
element 15
dependency: nmod:poss→14
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 16
dependency: mark→17
sobirem
sobirem
lemma: sъbiram 'collect' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
inflection: a-verb
prefixes: delative sъ-
suffixes: iterative -a-
tag: Vmip1si
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
element 17
dependency: advcl→9
štó
što
lemma: što 'what' search
Often used as relative pronoun (without the -to suffix) by Punčo. See čьto for etymology.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 18
dependency: mark→19
ʾímaše
imaše
lemma: imam 'have' SJS LOVe search
CS iměti (irregular ě-/a-verb: 1sg.prs imamь, 2sg imaši) or imati (an a-/je-verb: 1sg.prs emljǫ, 2sg emlješi, SJS - link). Punčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь.
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 19
dependency: advcl:obj→17
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 20
dependency: mark→21
ʾouzé_ma
ouzema
lemma: uzema 'take' LOVe search
BG vzema
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: allative u-
tag: Vmip1se
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
element 21
dependency: conj→17
ʾònь
onъ
lemma: on 'he' search
Used for both personal (Pp3msn, as a dialectal variant of toi) and distal demonstrative pronoun.
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pp3msn
form: m.3sg.nom
element 22
dependency: nsubj→19
parí
pari
lemma: pari 'money, coins' search
Mostly used as a plurale tantum in the general sense ʹmoneyʹ, but sometimes used as singular para ʹcoinʹ, originally ʹpiece (coin)ʹ, valued as 1/40 of groschen in times of Punčo and Sofronii.
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpnn
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 23
dependency: obj→17
wt+
ot
lemma: ot 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS otъ
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 24
dependency: case→25
kasápi+
kasapi
lemma: kasapin 'butcher' search
BAN II 261: tr. kasap < ar. qaṣṣāb ʹone who cutsʹ. Also used for kasap başi lit. ʹhead of the butchersʹ, i.e. ʹthe officer responsible for meat provisions for the armyʹ.
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 25
dependency: obl→17
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 26
dependency: det:p_nom→25
po+
po
lemma: po 'after, along, according to' search
tag: Sd
form: preposition
element 27
dependency: case→29
џelépskoe
џelepskoe
lemma: dželepski 'of cattle traders' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: Ansny
form: n.sg.nom/acc.pron
element 28
dependency: amod→29
ʾwbyčáí.
običai
lemma: običai 'custom' LOVe search
CS obyčai
inflection: jo-stem noun
prefixes: circumlative ob-
suffixes: verbal noun -ъ
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 29
dependency: obl→17