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sentence 384
ʾI+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
Zogr. 43: vъ nekoe kopie ili prevodъ stari ot prevelegna togo ioana šišmana obretaet se kako da ne su mogli trnovski gospodi i c-rъ šišmanъ stati protivo turci
Ivanov: Po-kăsno v njakoj prepis ili star prevod na gramotata na toja Ioan Šišman se namira...
naxódi+ lemma: naxodja 'find, be present'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
alt.analysis: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
se lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
va+ lemma: v 'in'
form: preposition
stáro lemma: star 'old'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
vréme lemma: vreme 'time, weather'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
And it is found in (a letter from?) older time (?),
kakò lemma: kako 'how'
form: interrogative
toʾjá lemma: toja 'that'
form: m.sg.nom
šišmánь lemma: Šišman 'Shishman'
form: m.sg.nom
ïwʾanь lemma: Ioan 'John'
form: m.sg.nom
ʾi lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
trь´novski lemma: tъrnovski 'of Tarnovo'
form: m.pl.nom
gd͒re lemma: gospodar 'lord, ruler'
form: m.pl.nom
ne+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
su lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
mógli lemma: moga 'can'
form: l-ptcp (ipf)
alt.analysis: pl
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
sè lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
ʾwpratь lemma: opera 'lean, fight'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
muráta lemma: Murad 'Murad'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
cr̃a lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
turskago lemma: turski 'Turkish'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
how that Shishman Ivan and lords of Tarnovo could not fight Murad, Emperor of the Turks.
total elements: 23
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ROOT i naxodi se va staro vreme kako toja šišmanъ ioanъ i trъnovski gdre ne su mogli da se opratъ na murata cra turskago
cc(i-2, naxodi-3)
root(naxodi-3, ROOT)
expl(se-4, naxodi-3)
case(va-5, vreme-7)
amod(staro-6, vreme-7)
obl(vreme-7, naxodi-3)
mark(kako-8, opratъ-20)
det:ext(toja-9, šišmanъ-10)
nsubj(šišmanъ-10, opratъ-20)
appos(ioanъ-11, šišmanъ-10)
cc(i-12, gdre-14)
amod(trъnovski-13, gdre-14)
conj(gdre-14, šišmanъ-10)
advmod(ne-15, su-16)
aux:prf(su-16, mogli-17)
aux(mogli-17, opratъ-20)
fixed:inf(da-18, mogli-17)
expl(se-19, opratъ-20)
advcl(opratъ-20, naxodi-3)
case(na-21, murata-22)
obl(murata-22, opratъ-20)
appos(cra-23, murata-22)
amod(turskago-24, cra-23)ʾI+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→2
Zogr. 43: vъ nekoe kopie ili prevodъ stari ot prevelegna togo ioana šišmana obretaet se kako da ne su mogli trnovski gospodi i c-rъ šišmanъ stati protivo turci
Ivanov: Po-kăsno v njakoj prepis ili star prevod na gramotata na toja Ioan Šišman se namira...
naxódi+
naxodi
lemma: naxodja 'find, be present' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: additive na-
tag: Vmip3se or Vmia3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf) or 2/3sg.aor (pf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
se
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 3
dependency: expl→2
va+
va
lemma: v 'in' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: with loc or acc
tag: Sl
form: preposition
element 4
dependency: case→6
stáro
staro
lemma: star 'old' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 5
dependency: amod→6
vréme
vreme
lemma: vreme 'time, weather' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS vrěmę
inflection: n-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 6
dependency: obl→2
kakò
kako
lemma: kako 'how' search
CS (also preferred by Punčo)
suffixes: n.sg.nom/acc -o
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 7
dependency: mark→19
toʾjá
toja
lemma: toja 'that' search
The basic form reflects m.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers f.sg.nom taja (Pd-fsn), f.sg.acc tuju (Pd-fsa) and pl.nom tija (Pd--pa).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pd-msn
form: m.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: det:ext→9
šišmánь
šišmanъ
lemma: Šišman 'Shishman' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 9
dependency: nsubj→19
ïwʾanь
ioanъ
lemma: Ioan 'John' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 10
dependency: appos→9
ʾi
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 11
dependency: cc→13
trь´novski
trъnovski
lemma: tъrnovski 'of Tarnovo' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-, relational -ьsk-
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 12
dependency: amod→13
gd͒re
gdre
lemma: gospodar 'lord, ruler' search
Usually abbreviated gdrь (or gsdrь). The underlying root could also be ORu gosudarь (Vasmer I 448).
inflection: jo-stem noun
suffixes: agent -arjь
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 13
dependency: conj→9
ne+
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 14
dependency: advmod→15
su
su
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vaip3pi
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 15
dependency: aux:prf→16
mógli
mogli
lemma: moga 'can' SJS LOVe search
CS mošti. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235).
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vmp--pi or A-pnn
form: l-ptcp (ipf) or pl
element 16
dependency: aux→19
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 17
dependency: fixed:inf→16
sè
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 18
dependency: expl→19
ʾwpratь
opratъ
lemma: opera 'lean, fight' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 19
dependency: advcl→2
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 20
dependency: case→21
muráta
murata
lemma: Murad 'Murad' search
Punčo: Muratь, dep.form Murata
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 21
dependency: obl→19
cr̃a
cra
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 22
dependency: appos→21
turskago
turskago
lemma: turski 'Turkish' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: Amsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
element 23
dependency: amod→22