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sentence 286
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
po+ lemma: po (2) '(comparative particle)'
form: degree particle
mal_ko lemma: malko 'very little'
form: adverb
néšto lemma: nešto 'something'
form: interrogative
vidè lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
xr͒tiănïnь lemma: xristianin 'Christian'
form: m.sg.nom
pristávina+ lemma: pristavin 'servant'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
[sí] lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.dat
svóʿego lemma: svoi 'of oneself'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
And after some time the Christian saw his servant,
[če+ lemma: če 'that'
form: conjunction
Written in cursive over the first line, the meaning is somewhat unclear.
sas lemma: s 'with'
form: preposition
po+ lemma: po 'after, along, according to'
form: preposition
putь lemma: pǫt 'way'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
w+ lemma: o 'oh'
form: interjection
doma+ lemma: dom 'house'
form: m.sg.gen
sa] lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
[sego lemma: sii 'this'
form: n.sg.gen
prati lemma: pratja 'send'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
gos͒drca lemma: gospodarica 'ruling woman'
form: f.sg.nom
ključь] lemma: ključ 'key'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
that his wife sent him on the way with a key (?),
če+ lemma: če 'that'
form: conjunction
stóĭ lemma: stoja 'stand'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
drьži lemma: dъrža 'hold'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
ʾu+ lemma: u 'at'
form: preposition
ednà lemma: edin 'one'
form: f.sg.nom
rúka lemma: rъka 'hand'
form: f.sg.nom
ʾevreinovь lemma: evreinov 'Jewʹs'
form: m.sg.nom
kóvь_čégь lemma: kovčeg 'coffin'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
that he stays, holding the Jew's small coffin in one hand,
ʾá+ lemma: a 'and, but'
form: conjunction
u+ lemma: u 'at'
form: preposition
drugu lemma: drug 'other'
form: f.sg.acc
ruku lemma: rъka 'hand'
form: f.sg.acc
drьžì lemma: dъrža 'hold'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
prь´stenь lemma: prъsten 'ring'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
kljúčь lemma: ključ 'key'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
and that in the other hand he holds a ring and a key,
što+ lemma: što 'what'
form: interrogative
béše lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
ʾispádlo lemma: izpadna 'fall out'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
alt.analysis: n.sg.nom/acc
ʾizь lemma: iz 'from'
form: preposition
pázuxu lemma: pazuxa 'armpit'
form: f.sg.acc
xr͒tiʾáninu lemma: xristianin 'Christian'
form: m.sg.dat
which fell out from the Christian's bosom,
kogí lemma: koga 'when'
form: interrogative
go lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
frь´li lemma: fъrlja 'throw'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
kónja lemma: kon 'horse'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
ná+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
zemi lemma: zemja 'land, earth'
form: f.sg.dat/loc
when the horse threw him to the ground.
total elements: 49
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ROOT i po malko nešto vide xrtianinъ pristavina si svoego če sas po putъ o doma sa sego prati gosdrca ključъ če stoi i drъži u edna ruka evreinovъ kovъčegъ a u drugu ruku drъži prъstenъ i ključъ što beše ispadlo izъ pazuxu xrtianinu kogi go frъli konja na zemi
cc(i-2, vide-6)
case(po-3, malko-4)
advmod(malko-4, nešto-5)
advmod(nešto-5, vide-6)
root(vide-6, ROOT)
nsubj(xrtianinъ-7, vide-6)
obj(pristavina-8, vide-6)
expl(si-9, svoego-10)
amod:poss(svoego-10, pristavina-8)
mark(če-11, prati-19)
orphan(sas-12, prati-19)
case(po-13, prati-19)
obl(putъ-14, prati-19)
case(o-15, doma-16)
nmod:abl(doma-16, putъ-14)
discourse(sa-17, doma-16)
discourse(sego-18, doma-16)
advcl(prati-19, vide-6)
nsubj(gosdrca-20, prati-19)
obj(ključъ-21, prati-19)
mark(če-22, stoi-23)
conj(stoi-23, prati-19)
cc(i-24, drъži-25)
conj(drъži-25, stoi-23)
case(u-26, ruka-28)
amod:det(edna-27, ruka-28)
obl:loc(ruka-28, drъži-25)
amod:poss(evreinovъ-29, kovъčegъ-30)
obj(kovъčegъ-30, drъži-25)
cc(a-31, drъži-35)
case(u-32, ruku-34)
amod:det(drugu-33, ruku-34)
obl:loc(ruku-34, drъži-35)
conj(drъži-35, drъži-25)
obj(prъstenъ-36, drъži-35)
cc(i-37, ključъ-38)
conj(ključъ-38, prъstenъ-36)
mark(što-39, ispadlo-41)
aux:pprf(beše-40, ispadlo-41)
acl(ispadlo-41, prъstenъ-36)
case(izъ-42, pazuxu-43)
obl:abl(pazuxu-43, ispadlo-41)
obl:iobj(xrtianinu-44, ispadlo-41)
mark(kogi-45, frъli-47)
obj(go-46, frъli-47)
advcl(frъli-47, ispadlo-41)
nsubj:p_nom(konja-48, frъli-47)
case(na-49, zemi-50)
obl:lat(zemi-50, frъli-47)ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→5
po+
po
lemma: po (2) '(comparative particle)' search
inflection: comparative
tag: Qc
form: degree particle
element 2
dependency: case→3
mal_ko
malko
lemma: malko 'very little' search
tag: R
form: adverb
element 3
dependency: advmod→4
néšto
nešto
lemma: nešto 'something' search
CS něčьto
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 4
dependency: advmod→5
vidè
vide
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmia3si
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
element 5
dependency: root→0
xr͒tiănïnь
xrtianinъ
lemma: xristianin 'Christian' search
Punčo uses both -e and -i in pl.nom (6 vs. 9 in first 20 ch.)
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: nsubj→5
pristávina+
pristavina
lemma: pristavin 'servant' search
BAN V 734: pristav ʹnačalnik na policejski učastăkʹ, dial. ʹrataj, slugaʹ
inflection: ethno-stem noun
prefixes: allative pri-
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 7
dependency: obj→5
[sí]
si
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---d
form: refl.dat
element 8
dependency: expl→9
svóʿego
svoego
lemma: svoi 'of oneself' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
A reflexive-possessive adjective.
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Amsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
element 9
dependency: amod:poss→7
[če+
če
lemma: če 'that' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 10
dependency: mark→18
Written in cursive over the first line, the meaning is somewhat unclear.
sas
sas
lemma: s 'with' search
tag: Si
form: preposition
element 11
dependency: orphan→18
po+
po
lemma: po 'after, along, according to' search
tag: Sd
form: preposition
element 12
dependency: case→18
putь
putъ
lemma: pǫt 'way' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Modern BG has an irregular pl. pъtišta. The lemma pъt (pl. pъti) is used for counting. CS pǫtь is an i-stem.
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 13
dependency: obl→18
w+
o
lemma: o 'oh' search
Usually precedes vocatives.
tag: I
form: interjection
element 14
dependency: case→15
doma+
doma
lemma: dom 'house' SJS search
A u-stem in CS. The form (u) doma is tagged as sg.gen, likely showing a generalized o-stem ending. The nominal form in OCS was domu - but already besides adverbial doma (SJS: link). Olander (2015:173) mentions interpretations of the form as an irregular sg.loc, maybe an old allative (Fortson 2004:105) reinterpreted as static location?
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsgn
form: m.sg.gen
element 15
dependency: nmod:abl→13
sa]
sa
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 16
dependency: discourse→15
[sego
sego
lemma: sii 'this' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS
inflection: soft stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsg
form: n.sg.gen
element 17
dependency: discourse→15
prati
prati
lemma: pratja 'send' search
Punčo uses the verb often with an imperfective meaning.
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 18
dependency: advcl→5
gos͒drca
gosdrca
lemma: gospodarica 'ruling woman' search
RBE: link
inflection: jā-stem noun
suffixes: agent -arjь, singulative -ica
tag: Nfsny
form: f.sg.nom
element 19
dependency: nsubj→18
ključь]
ključъ
lemma: ključ 'key' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
suffixes: verbal noun -ъ
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 20
dependency: obj→18
če+
če
lemma: če 'that' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 21
dependency: mark→22
stóĭ
stoi
lemma: stoja 'stand' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 22
dependency: conj→18
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 23
dependency: cc→24
drьži
drъži
lemma: dъrža 'hold' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 24
dependency: conj→22
ʾu+
u
lemma: u 'at' search
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 25
dependency: case→27
ednà
edna
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 26
dependency: amod:det→27
rúka
ruka
lemma: rъka 'hand' search
Forms like rъce and ruke are interpreted as duals.
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 27
dependency: obl:loc→24
ʾevreinovь
evreinovъ
lemma: evreinov 'Jewʹs' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 28
dependency: amod:poss→29
kóvь_čégь
kovъčegъ
lemma: kovčeg 'coffin' search
inflection: e-stem noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 29
dependency: obj→24
ʾá+
a
lemma: a 'and, but' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 30
dependency: cc→34
u+
u
lemma: u 'at' search
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 31
dependency: case→33
drugu
drugu
lemma: drug 'other' SJS search
According to SJS, the hard-stem adjectival declension is common in OCS sources too, save for Sav.k., where pronominal forms like drugomu appear.
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Afsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 32
dependency: amod:det→33
ruku
ruku
lemma: rъka 'hand' search
Forms like rъce and ruke are interpreted as duals.
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 33
dependency: obl:loc→34
drьžì
drъži
lemma: dъrža 'hold' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 34
dependency: conj→24
prь´stenь
prъstenъ
lemma: prъsten 'ring' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 35
dependency: obj→34
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 36
dependency: cc→37
kljúčь
ključъ
lemma: ključ 'key' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
suffixes: verbal noun -ъ
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 37
dependency: conj→35
što+
što
lemma: što 'what' search
Often used as relative pronoun (without the -to suffix) by Punčo. See čьto for etymology.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 38
dependency: mark→40
béše
beše
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vaii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 39
dependency: aux:pprf→40
ʾispádlo
ispadlo
lemma: izpadna 'fall out' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmp--se or Ansnn
form: l-ptcp (pf) or n.sg.nom/acc
element 40
dependency: acl→35
ʾizь
izъ
lemma: iz 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
As a prefix, in CS /z/ is usually assimilated to voiceless consonants in the root onset; in Punčoʹs dialect, it is also often shortened to s- (e.g. skusen ʹexperiencedʹ).
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 41
dependency: case→42
pázuxu
pazuxu
lemma: pazuxa 'armpit' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -oxъ, abstract -a
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 42
dependency: obl:abl→40
xr͒tiʾáninu
xrtianinu
lemma: xristianin 'Christian' search
Punčo uses both -e and -i in pl.nom (6 vs. 9 in first 20 ch.)
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmsdy
form: m.sg.dat
element 43
dependency: obl:iobj→40
kogí
kogi
lemma: koga 'when' search
Often used by Punčo as a relative pronoun too.
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 44
dependency: mark→46
go
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 45
dependency: obj→46
frь´li
frъli
lemma: fъrlja 'throw' search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 46
dependency: advcl→40
kónja
konja
lemma: kon 'horse' search
Punčo uses both kone and koni as plural forms, preferring the latter.
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 47
dependency: nsubj:p_nom→46
ná+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 48
dependency: case→49
zemi
zemi
lemma: zemja 'land, earth' search
inflection: jā-stem noun
tag: Nfsdn
form: f.sg.dat/loc
element 49
dependency: obl:lat→46