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sentence 963
i^+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
tàmo lemma: tamo 'there'
form: adverb
načénaxa lemma: načna 'begin'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
prixóždat lemma: prixoždam 'come'
form: 3pl.prs (ipf)
tùrcy lemma: turčin 'Turk'
form: m.pl.nom
wt+ lemma: ot 'from'
form: preposition
voʾiskà+ lemma: voiska 'army'
form: f.sg.nom
ta lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.sg.nom
and the Turks from the army began to come there,
total elements: 9
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ROOT i tamo načenaxa da prixoždat turci ot voiska ta
cc(i-2, načenaxa-4)
advmod(tamo-3, načenaxa-4)
root(načenaxa-4, ROOT)
mark:inf(da-5, prixoždat-6)
advcl(prixoždat-6, načenaxa-4)
nsubj(turci-7, prixoždat-6)
case(ot-8, voiska-9)
obl:abl(voiska-9, prixoždat-6)
det:p_nom(ta-10, voiska-9)i^+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→3
tàmo
tamo
lemma: tamo 'there' search
Modern BG codifies tam, but older sources use prevalently tamo, which is common in CS texts too. Originally an allative correlant of tu, it seems to have replaced it in a static locative function too (e.g. sьtvori tamo čjudesa ʹhe did there miraclesʹ here).
suffixes: allative -amo
tag: R
form: adverb
element 2
dependency: advmod→3
načénaxa
načenaxa
lemma: načna 'begin' LOVe search
Or načena, CS načęti 1sg.prs načьnǫ. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: additive na-
tag: Vmii3pe
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
element 3
dependency: root→0
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 4
dependency: mark:inf→5
prixóždat
prixoždat
lemma: prixoždam 'come' LOVe search
inflection: a-verb
prefixes: allative pri-
tag: Vmip3pi
form: 3pl.prs (ipf)
element 5
dependency: advcl→3
tùrcy
turci
lemma: turčin 'Turk' search
pl. turci, CS trъčinъ (13th c.), turъkъ, turъčinъ (both 16th)
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 6
dependency: nsubj→5
wt+
ot
lemma: ot 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS otъ
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 7
dependency: case→8
voʾiskà+
voiska
lemma: voiska 'army' search
Used as f.sg, although BAN (I 173) knows also a neut. form voisko from the area.
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: obl:abl→5
ta
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 9
dependency: det:p_nom→8