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sentence 4
Cete+ lemma: četa 'read'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
se lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
xivota+ lemma: život 'life'
form: m.sg.gen
alt.analysis: m.sg.def
~ vita di Nicola ?
t lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.sg.nom
od lemma: od 'from, of'
form: preposition
Sveti lemma: svęt 'saint'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
Nicola lemma: Nikola 'Nicholas'
form: m.sg.nom
od lemma: od 'from, of'
form: preposition
Tolentino, lemma: Tolentino 'Tolentino'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
It is written (ʺreadʺ) in the Life of St Nicholas of Tolentino
ci lemma: če 'that'
form: conjunction
cato lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
besce lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
toi lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.nom
leghnal lemma: legna 'lay'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
alt.analysis: m.sg.nom
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
spi lemma: spja 'sleep'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
jednà lemma: edin 'one'
form: f.sg.nom
nosc lemma: nošt 'night'
form: f.sg.nom
u lemma: u 'at'
form: preposition
Sabuta lemma: sъbota 'Saturday'
form: f.sg.nom
svescta lemma: svęt 'saint'
form: f.sg.nom
Nedele, lemma: nedelja 'Sunday'
form: f.sg.nom
e možetь /ja/ i /e/ značiti
as he went to sleep one night on the Saturday of the (Feast of) St Kyriakē
javi+ lemma: javja 'appear'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
mu+ lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.dat
se lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
jednà lemma: edin 'one'
form: f.sg.nom
duscià lemma: duša 'soul'
form: f.sg.nom
od lemma: od 'from, of'
form: preposition
jedin lemma: edin 'one'
form: m.sg.nom
umrel, lemma: umra 'die'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
alt.analysis: m.sg.nom
a soul of one dead appeared to him
deto lemma: deto 'which'
form: relative
sas lemma: s 'with'
form: preposition
golem lemma: golěm 'big'
form: m.sg.nom
glas, lemma: glas 'voice, tone'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
i lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
sas lemma: s 'with'
form: preposition
plac lemma: plač 'cry'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
vikna+ lemma: vikam 'call, shout'
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
go, lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
calling him with a loud voice and cry
total elements: 40
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ROOT čete se na života t od sveti Nikola od Tolentino či kato beše toi legnal da spi jedna nošt u Sabuta svešta Nedele javi mu se jedna dušia od jedin umrel deto sas golem glas i sas plač vikna go
root(čete-2, ROOT)
expl(se-3, čete-2)
case(na-4, života-5)
obl:loc(života-5, čete-2)
det:p_nom(t-6, života-5)
case(od-7, Nikola-9)
amod(sveti-8, Nikola-9)
nmod:poss(Nikola-9, života-5)
case(od-10, Tolentino-11)
nmod:abl(Tolentino-11, Nikola-9)
mark(či-12, javi-25)
mark(kato-13, legnal-16)
aux:pprf(beše-14, legnal-16)
nsubj(toi-15, legnal-16)
advcl(legnal-16, javi-25)
mark(da-17, spi-18)
advcl(spi-18, legnal-16)
det(jedna-19, nošt-20)
obl:loc(nošt-20, legnal-16)
case(u-21, Sabuta-22)
obl:loc(Sabuta-22, legnal-16)
amod(svešta-23, Nedele-24)
nmod:poss(Nedele-24, Sabuta-22)
advcl(javi-25, čete-2)
obl:iobj(mu-26, javi-25)
expl(se-27, javi-25)
det(jedna-28, dušia-29)
nsubj(dušia-29, mu-26)
case(od-30, umrel-32)
det(jedin-31, umrel-32)
obl:abl(umrel-32, mu-26)
mark(deto-33, vikna-40)
case(sas-34, glas-36)
amod(golem-35, glas-36)
obl(glas-36, vikna-40)
cc(i-37, plač-39)
case(sas-38, plač-39)
conj(plač-39, glas-36)
acl(vikna-40, umrel-32)
obj(go-41, vikna-40)Cete+
čete
lemma: četa 'read' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 1
dependency: root→0
se
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 2
dependency: expl→1
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sl
form: preposition
element 3
dependency: case→4
xivota+
života
lemma: život 'life' search
inflection: o-stem noun
suffixes: demonstrative -tъ
tag: Nmsgn or Nmson
form: m.sg.gen or m.sg.def
element 4
dependency: obl:loc→1
~ vita di Nicola ?
t
t
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-msn
form: m.sg.nom
element 5
dependency: det:p_nom→4
od
od
lemma: od 'from, of' search
Variant of ot, commonly used by Carski (and in MK).
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 6
dependency: case→8
Sveti
sveti
lemma: svęt 'saint' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 7
dependency: amod→8
Nicola
Nikola
lemma: Nikola 'Nicholas' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: nmod:poss→4
od
od
lemma: od 'from, of' search
Variant of ot, commonly used by Carski (and in MK).
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 9
dependency: case→10
Tolentino,
Tolentino
lemma: Tolentino 'Tolentino' search
A city in the Marches in Italy.
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 10
dependency: nmod:abl→8
ci
či
lemma: če 'that' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 11
dependency: mark→24
cato
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 12
dependency: mark→15
besce
beše
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vaii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 13
dependency: aux:pprf→15
toi
toi
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msn
form: m.3sg.nom
element 14
dependency: nsubj→15
leghnal
legnal
lemma: legna 'lay' SJS LOVe search
CS lešti, 1sg.prs lęgǫ, 2sg lęžeši (nasal present)
inflection: e-verb
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmp--se or Amsnn
form: l-ptcp (pf) or m.sg.nom
element 15
dependency: advcl→24
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 16
dependency: mark→17
spi
spi
lemma: spja 'sleep' SJS LOVe search
CS sъpati, 1sg.prs sъpljǫ, 2sg sъpiši
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 17
dependency: advcl→15
jednà
jedna
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 18
dependency: det→19
nosc
nošt
lemma: nošt 'night' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 19
dependency: obl:loc→15
u
u
lemma: u 'at' search
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 20
dependency: case→21
Sabuta
Sabuta
lemma: sъbota 'Saturday' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 21
dependency: obl:loc→15
svescta
svešta
lemma: svęt 'saint' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 22
dependency: amod→23
Nedele,
Nedele
lemma: nedelja 'Sunday' search
inflection: jā-stem noun
prefixes: negative ne-
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 23
dependency: nmod:poss→21
e možetь /ja/ i /e/ značiti
javi+
javi
lemma: javja 'appear' SJS SNSP LOVe search
CS (j)aviti is given as perfective in dictionaries.
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 24
dependency: advcl→1
mu+
mu
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msd
form: m.3sg.dat
element 25
dependency: obl:iobj→24
se
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 26
dependency: expl→24
jednà
jedna
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 27
dependency: det→28
duscià
dušia
lemma: duša 'soul' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Commonly abbreviated as дш҃а.
inflection: jā-stem noun
tag: Nfsny
form: f.sg.nom
element 28
dependency: nsubj→25
od
od
lemma: od 'from, of' search
Variant of ot, commonly used by Carski (and in MK).
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 29
dependency: case→31
jedin
jedin
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 30
dependency: det→31
umrel,
umrel
lemma: umra 'die' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: allative u-
tag: Vmp--se or Amsnn
form: l-ptcp (pf) or m.sg.nom
element 31
dependency: obl:abl→25
deto
deto
lemma: deto 'which' search
A common relative pronoun based on kъde-to ʹwhereʹ.
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 32
dependency: mark→39
sas
sas
lemma: s 'with' search
tag: Si
form: preposition
element 33
dependency: case→35
golem
golem
lemma: golěm 'big' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 34
dependency: amod→35
glas,
glas
lemma: glas 'voice, tone' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 35
dependency: obl→39
i
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 36
dependency: cc→38
sas
sas
lemma: s 'with' search
tag: Si
form: preposition
element 37
dependency: case→38
plac
plač
lemma: plač 'cry' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
inflection: jo-stem noun
suffixes: verbal noun -ъ
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 38
dependency: conj→35
vikna+
vikna
lemma: vikam 'call, shout' search
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmia3si
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
element 39
dependency: acl→31
go,
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 40
dependency: obj→39