chapter view
sentence 175
as lemma: az 'I'
form: 1sg.nom
scta+ lemma: šta 'want'
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
se lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
pridà lemma: predam 'give over, betray'
form: infinitive (pf)
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
sicko, lemma: vsičko 'everything'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
deto lemma: deto 'which'
form: relative
ti lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.nom
prikazovasc lemma: prikazvam 'tell'
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
od lemma: od 'from, of'
form: preposition
vera lemma: věra 'faith, belief'
form: f.sg.nom
Cristians:ca, lemma: xristianski 'Christian'
form: f.sg.nom
I shall accept (ʺgive myself toʺ) everything you say about the Christian belief
cogà lemma: koga 'when'
form: interrogative
darxià lemma: dъrža 'hold'
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
mlogo lemma: mnogo 'much'
form: adverb
dni lemma: den 'day'
form: m.pl.nom
gladno lemma: gladen 'hungered'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
moje+ lemma: moi 'my'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
Magare, lemma: magare 'donkey'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
when I'll hold my donkey for many days to hunger
ta: lemma: ta 'and, thus'
form: conjunction
ci lemma: če 'that'
form: conjunction
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
mu lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.dat
ostava lemma: ostavja 'leave'
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
srescta lemma: srešta 'meeting, occasion, fortune'
form: f.sg.nom
zob, lemma: zob 'fodder'
form: f.sg.nom
and when I'll give him fodder
aco lemma: ako 'if'
form: conjunction
ni+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
gleda lemma: gledam 'watch'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
zop+ lemma: zob 'fodder'
form: f.sg.nom
tà, lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.sg.nom
emi+ lemma: ami 'but'
form: conjunction
se lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
pokloni lemma: poklonja 'worship, bow, give a present'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
tvoja+ lemma: tvoi 'your'
form: m.sg.def
t lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.sg.nom
lep, lemma: xlěb 'bread'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
if he won't look at the fodder, but instead will bow to your bread
deto lemma: deto 'which'
form: relative
ti lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.nom
dumasc, lemma: dumam 'speak'
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
ci lemma: če 'that'
form: conjunction
ima lemma: imam 'have'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
Telo lemma: tělo 'body'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
Is:sukrastovo. lemma: Isukrast 'Jesus Christ'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
about which you claim that it holds the Body of Jesus Christ
total elements: 46
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ROOT as šta se prida na sičko deto ti prikazovaš od vera kristianska koga daržia mlogo dni gladno moje+ to Magare ta či da mu ostava srešta zob ako ni gleda zop ta emi se pokloni na tvoja t lep deto ti dumaš či ima Telo Issukrastovo
nsubj(as-2, prida-5)
aux:fut(šta-3, prida-5)
expl(se-4, prida-5)
root(prida-5, ROOT)
case(na-6, sičko-7)
obl:iobj(sičko-7, prida-5)
mark(deto-8, prikazovaš-10)
nsubj(ti-9, prikazovaš-10)
acl(prikazovaš-10, sičko-7)
case(od-11, vera-12)
obl(vera-12, prikazovaš-10)
amod(kristianska-13, vera-12)
mark(koga-14, daržia-15)
advcl(daržia-15, ostava-26)
amod(mlogo-16, dni-17)
obl(dni-17, daržia-15)
obl:pred(gladno-18, daržia-15)
amod:poss(moje+-19, Magare-21)
det:p_adj(to-20, Magare-21)
obj(Magare-21, daržia-15)
cc(ta-22, ostava-26)
fixed(či-23, ta-22)
aux:opt(da-24, ostava-26)
obl:iobj(mu-25, ostava-26)
advcl(ostava-26, gleda-31)
nmod(srešta-27, zob-28)
obj(zob-28, ostava-26)
cc(ako-29, gleda-31)
advmod(ni-30, gleda-31)
advcl(gleda-31, prida-5)
obj(zop-32, gleda-31)
det:p_nom(ta-33, zop-32)
cc(emi-34, pokloni-36)
expl(se-35, pokloni-36)
conj(pokloni-36, gleda-31)
case(na-37, lep-40)
amod:poss(tvoja-38, lep-40)
det:p_adj(t-39, lep-40)
obl:iobj(lep-40, pokloni-36)
mark(deto-41, dumaš-43)
nsubj(ti-42, dumaš-43)
acl(dumaš-43, lep-40)
mark(či-44, ima-45)
advcl(ima-45, dumaš-43)
obj(Telo-46, ima-45)
amod(Issukrastovo-47, Telo-46)as
as
lemma: az 'I' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Annotation uses the following scheme, even if long and short forms can fulfill different syntactic functions: mene Pp1-sg, mi Pp1-sd, me Pp1-sa
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp1-sn
form: 1sg.nom
element 1
dependency: nsubj→4
scta+
šta
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip1si
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
element 2
dependency: aux:fut→4
se
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 3
dependency: expl→4
pridà
prida
lemma: predam 'give over, betray' LOVe search
3sg.prs predade
inflection: athematic
prefixes: perlative prě-
tag: Vmn---e
form: infinitive (pf)
element 4
dependency: root→0
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 5
dependency: case→6
sicko,
sičko
lemma: vsičko 'everything' search
inflection: o-stem noun
prefixes: encompassive vьse-
suffixes: emphatic -kъ
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 6
dependency: obl:iobj→4
deto
deto
lemma: deto 'which' search
A common relative pronoun based on kъde-to ʹwhereʹ.
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 7
dependency: mark→9
ti
ti
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sn
form: 2sg.nom
element 8
dependency: nsubj→9
prikazovasc
prikazovaš
lemma: prikazvam 'tell' LOVe search
inflection: a-verb
prefixes: allative pri-
suffixes: iterative -va-
tag: Vmip2si
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
element 9
dependency: acl→6
od
od
lemma: od 'from, of' search
Variant of ot, commonly used by Carski (and in MK).
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 10
dependency: case→11
vera
vera
lemma: věra 'faith, belief' LOVe search
Punčo seems to use it in the meaning ʹnationʹ too, e.g. nadviva na svi+te veri ʹ(Muscovy) is defeating all the faiths/nationsʹ.
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 11
dependency: obl→9
Cristians:ca,
kristianska
lemma: xristianski 'Christian' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 12
dependency: amod→11
cogà
koga
lemma: koga 'when' search
Often used by Punčo as a relative pronoun too.
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 13
dependency: mark→14
darxià
daržia
lemma: dъrža 'hold' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip1si
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
element 14
dependency: advcl→25
mlogo
mlogo
lemma: mnogo 'much' LOVe search
tag: R
form: adverb
element 15
dependency: amod→16
dni
dni
lemma: den 'day' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS dьnь is irregular, with traces of i-, jo- and n-stem forms in the paradigm. Punčo uses pl. form dni.
inflection: irregular
tag: Nmpnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 16
dependency: obl→14
gladno
gladno
lemma: gladen 'hungered' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 17
dependency: obl:pred→14
moje+
moje+
lemma: moi 'my' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 18
dependency: amod:poss→20
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 19
dependency: det:p_adj→20
Magare,
Magare
lemma: magare 'donkey' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nnsny
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 20
dependency: obj→14
ta:
ta
lemma: ta 'and, thus' search
BAN VII 731: ta sz., čast. za dobavjane na novo, srodno i po-silno kačestvo ili obraz (= i, če), za izrazjavane na vrăzka i sledstvie (= i, da, za da), za văveždane na podčineno izrečenie za cel (= za da) ili za sledstvie (poradi koeto, če), za pojasnjavane na nešto zagatnoto (= če) etc.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 21
dependency: cc→25
ci
či
lemma: če 'that' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 22
dependency: fixed→21
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 23
dependency: aux:opt→25
mu
mu
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msd
form: m.3sg.dat
element 24
dependency: obl:iobj→25
ostava
ostava
lemma: ostavja 'leave' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Vmip1se
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
element 25
dependency: advcl→30
srescta
srešta
lemma: srešta 'meeting, occasion, fortune' LOVe search
CS sъręšta
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -ja
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 26
dependency: nmod→27
zob,
zob
lemma: zob 'fodder' search
Carski: zob, def. zop+ta
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 27
dependency: obj→25
aco
ako
lemma: ako 'if' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 28
dependency: cc→30
ni+
ni
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 29
dependency: advmod→30
gleda
gleda
lemma: gledam 'watch' LOVe search
CS ględati (e-verb)
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 30
dependency: advcl→4
zop+
zop
lemma: zob 'fodder' search
Carski: zob, def. zop+ta
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 31
dependency: obj→30
tà,
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 32
dependency: det:p_nom→31
emi+
emi
lemma: ami 'but' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 33
dependency: cc→35
se
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 34
dependency: expl→35
pokloni
pokloni
lemma: poklonja 'worship, bow, give a present' LOVe search
The meaning ʹworshipʹ is common everywhere in Slavic, requiring a reflexive construction. The meaning ʹgive a presentʹ, attested in Punčoʹs Sbornik, is also known from SC, it is considered "archaic" by RBE.
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 35
dependency: conj→30
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 36
dependency: case→39
tvoja+
tvoja
lemma: tvoi 'your' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Amsoy
form: m.sg.def
element 37
dependency: amod:poss→39
t
t
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-msn
form: m.sg.nom
element 38
dependency: det:p_adj→39
lep,
lep
lemma: xlěb 'bread' SJS search
CS xlěbъ (o-stem)
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 39
dependency: obl:iobj→35
deto
deto
lemma: deto 'which' search
A common relative pronoun based on kъde-to ʹwhereʹ.
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 40
dependency: mark→42
ti
ti
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sn
form: 2sg.nom
element 41
dependency: nsubj→42
dumasc,
dumaš
lemma: dumam 'speak' search
An e-verb in CS (Miklosich: 2sg.prs dumaješi).
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmip2si
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
element 42
dependency: acl→39
ci
či
lemma: če 'that' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 43
dependency: mark→44
ima
ima
lemma: imam 'have' SJS LOVe search
CS iměti (irregular ě-/a-verb: 1sg.prs imamь, 2sg imaši) or imati (an a-/je-verb: 1sg.prs emljǫ, 2sg emlješi, SJS - link). Punčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь.
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 44
dependency: advcl→42
Telo
Telo
lemma: tělo 'body' search
inflection: s-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 45
dependency: obj→44
Is:sukrastovo.
Issukrastovo
lemma: Isukrast 'Jesus Christ' search
Carski: Issukras, dep. form Issukrasta. Likely showing Bosnian phonetics, also found in the Abagar
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 46
dependency: amod→45