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sentence 97
vídite+ lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 2pl.prs (pf)
li lemma: li '(question particle)'
form: interrogative particle
xr͒tiánì lemma: xristianin 'Christian'
form: m.pl.nom
kakvà lemma: kakъv 'what kind of'
form: f.sg.nom
míslь lemma: misъl 'thought, mind'
form: f.sg.nom
mísle_še lemma: mislja 'think'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
ʾonja lemma: onja 'that'
form: m.sg.nom
gd͒inь lemma: gospodin 'lord'
form: m.sg.nom
Do you see, christians, what thought that master was thinking
štotò lemma: štoto 'which'
form: relative
beše lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
naprávilь lemma: napravja 'make'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
alt.analysis: m.sg.nom
xúbavo lemma: xubav 'beautiful'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
lózie lemma: lozie 'vineyard'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
for he had made a goodly vineyard
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
zagrádíl+ lemma: zagradja 'close, put a fence, build'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
alt.analysis: m.sg.nom
go lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
nè lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
poségne lemma: posegna 'reach, touch'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
níkoĭ lemma: nikoi 'nobody, none'
form: nom
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
négo lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (long)
and he had enclosed it so no one would encroach on it
ta+ lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.pl.nom
sam͛+ lemma: sam 'alone'
form: m.sg.nom
si lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.dat
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
zéme lemma: zema 'take'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
maksúlo lemma: maksul 'agricultural product'
form: m.sg.def
svóĭ lemma: svoi 'of oneself'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
but that he would take the harvest for himself
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
ne lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
dadè lemma: dam 'give'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
drúgomu lemma: drug 'other'
form: m.sg.dat.pron
makárь lemma: makar 'although, even'
form: particle
ʾustà lemma: usta 'mouth'
form: n.pl.nom/acc
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
sì lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.dat
rastvó_ri lemma: raztvorja 'open wide'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
not giving anything to anyone, even if with open mouth
total elements: 38
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ROOT vidite li xrtiani kakva mislъ misleše onja gdinъ štoto beše napravilъ xubavo lozie i zagradil go da ne posegne nikoi na nego ta samъ si da zeme maksulo svoi da ne dade drugomu makarъ usta da si rastvori
root(vidite-2, ROOT)
advmod(li-3, vidite-2)
vocative(xrtiani-4, vidite-2)
mark(kakva-5, mislъ-6)
obj(mislъ-6, misleše-7)
advcl(misleše-7, vidite-2)
det:ext(onja-8, gdinъ-9)
nsubj(gdinъ-9, misleše-7)
mark(štoto-10, napravilъ-12)
aux:pprf(beše-11, napravilъ-12)
acl(napravilъ-12, gdinъ-9)
amod(xubavo-13, lozie-14)
obj(lozie-14, napravilъ-12)
cc(i-15, zagradil-16)
conj(zagradil-16, napravilъ-12)
obj(go-17, zagradil-16)
mark(da-18, posegne-20)
advmod(ne-19, posegne-20)
advcl(posegne-20, zagradil-16)
nsubj(nikoi-21, posegne-20)
case(na-22, nego-23)
obl:iobj(nego-23, posegne-20)
cc(ta-24, zeme-28)
nsubj(samъ-25, zeme-28)
fixed(si-26, samъ-25)
mark(da-27, zeme-28)
conj(zeme-28, posegne-20)
obj:p_nom(maksulo-29, zeme-28)
amod:poss(svoi-30, maksulo-29)
mark(da-31, dade-33)
advmod(ne-32, dade-33)
conj(dade-33, zeme-28)
obl:iobj(drugomu-34, dade-33)
mark(makarъ-35, rastvori-39)
obj(usta-36, rastvori-39)
fixed(da-37, makarъ-35)
expl(si-38, rastvori-39)
advcl(rastvori-39, ne-32)vídite+
vidite
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmip2pe
form: 2pl.prs (pf)
element 1
dependency: root→0
li
li
lemma: li '(question particle)' search
tag: Qq
form: interrogative particle
element 2
dependency: advmod→1
xr͒tiánì
xrtiani
lemma: xristianin 'Christian' search
Punčo uses both -e and -i in pl.nom (6 vs. 9 in first 20 ch.)
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 3
dependency: vocative→1
kakvà
kakva
lemma: kakъv 'what kind of' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally.
suffixes: demonstrative -vo
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 4
dependency: mark→5
míslь
mislъ
lemma: misъl 'thought, mind' search
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 5
dependency: obj→6
mísle_še
misleše
lemma: mislja 'think' SJS LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 6
dependency: advcl→1
ʾonja
onja
lemma: onja 'that' search
Used if the -ja suffix is present.
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -ja
tag: Pd-msn
form: m.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: det:ext→8
gd͒inь
gdinъ
lemma: gospodin 'lord' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: nsubj→6
štotò
štoto
lemma: štoto 'which' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 9
dependency: mark→11
beše
beše
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vaii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 10
dependency: aux:pprf→11
naprávilь
napravilъ
lemma: napravja 'make' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: additive na-
tag: Vmp--se or Amsnn
form: l-ptcp (pf) or m.sg.nom
element 11
dependency: acl→8
xúbavo
xubavo
lemma: xubav 'beautiful' search
wiktionary: < per. xūb ʹgoodʹ
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -av-
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 12
dependency: amod→13
lózie
lozie
lemma: lozie 'vineyard' search
BG loza
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 13
dependency: obj→11
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 14
dependency: cc→15
zagrádíl+
zagradil
lemma: zagradja 'close, put a fence, build' LOVe search
The meaning ʹto buildʹ is expressed in BG with sъgradja, but Punčo uses the prefix za-.
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: postlative za-
suffixes: causative -i-
tag: Vmp--se or Amsnn
form: l-ptcp (pf) or m.sg.nom
element 15
dependency: conj→11
go
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 16
dependency: obj→15
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 17
dependency: mark→19
nè
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 18
dependency: advmod→19
poségne
posegne
lemma: posegna 'reach, touch' LOVe search
CS posęgnǫti
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 19
dependency: advcl→15
níkoĭ
nikoi
lemma: nikoi 'nobody, none' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally. CS nikъtože is handled as a separate lemma.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pz---n
form: nom
element 20
dependency: nsubj→19
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 21
dependency: case→22
négo
nego
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msg
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (long)
element 22
dependency: obl:iobj→19
ta+
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-npn
form: n.pl.nom
element 23
dependency: cc→27
sam͛+
samъ
lemma: sam 'alone' search
inflection: hard pronominal
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 24
dependency: nsubj→27
si
si
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---d
form: refl.dat
element 25
dependency: fixed→24
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 26
dependency: mark→27
zéme
zeme
lemma: zema 'take' LOVe search
Etymologically based on BG vzema, used when the initial v- is omitted. It appears already in the 16th c. version of Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: elative vъz-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 27
dependency: conj→19
maksúlo
maksulo
lemma: maksul 'agricultural product' search
BAN III 622: maksul ʹdomašno selskostopansko proizvodstvoʹ, < tr. mahsul
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmson
form: m.sg.def
element 28
dependency: obj:p_nom→27
svóĭ
svoi
lemma: svoi 'of oneself' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
A reflexive-possessive adjective.
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 29
dependency: amod:poss→28
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 30
dependency: mark→32
ne
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 31
dependency: advmod→32
dadè
dade
lemma: dam 'give' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
Punčo: 1sg.prs dademь, 3sg dade. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: athematic
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 32
dependency: conj→27
drúgomu
drugomu
lemma: drug 'other' SJS search
According to SJS, the hard-stem adjectival declension is common in OCS sources too, save for Sav.k., where pronominal forms like drugomu appear.
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsdy
form: m.sg.dat.pron
element 33
dependency: obl:iobj→32
makárь
makarъ
lemma: makar 'although, even' search
RBE: link
tag: Qg
form: particle
element 34
dependency: mark→38
ʾustà
usta
lemma: usta 'mouth' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nnpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 35
dependency: obj→38
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 36
dependency: fixed→34
sì
si
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---d
form: refl.dat
element 37
dependency: expl→38
rastvó_ri
rastvori
lemma: raztvorja 'open wide' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: distributive raz-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 38
dependency: advcl→31