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sentence 28
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
vídimo lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 1pl.prs (pf)
ʾoč̃e lemma: otec 'father'
form: m.sg.voc
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
kója lemma: koi 'who'
form: f.sg.nom.pron
strána lemma: strana 'side, land'
form: f.sg.nom
ʾótvódatь lemma: otvodja 'walk away'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
vráni+ lemma: vrana 'crow'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.pl.nom
ʺLet us see, father, which side the crows lead toʺ
total elements: 9
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ROOT da vidimo oče na koja strana otvodatъ vrani te
aux:opt(da-2, vidimo-3)
root(vidimo-3, ROOT)
vocative(oče-4, vidimo-3)
case(na-5, strana-7)
mark(koja-6, strana-7)
obl(strana-7, otvodatъ-8)
advcl(otvodatъ-8, vidimo-3)
nsubj(vrani-9, otvodatъ-8)
det:p_nom(te-10, vrani-9)da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: aux:opt→2
vídimo
vidimo
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmip1pe
form: 1pl.prs (pf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
ʾoč̃e
oče
lemma: otec 'father' search
CS otьcь
inflection: jo-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -ьcь
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 3
dependency: vocative→2
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 4
dependency: case→6
kója
koja
lemma: koi 'who' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally, especially in CS, e.g. koeju xitrostiju ʹby what kind of cunningʹ. Pq---g kogo, Pq---d komu etc.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Afsny
form: f.sg.nom.pron
element 5
dependency: mark→6
strána
strana
lemma: strana 'side, land' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: obl→7
ʾótvódatь
otvodatъ
lemma: otvodja 'walk away' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: ablative otъ-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 7
dependency: advcl→2
vráni+
vrani
lemma: vrana 'crow' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpny
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 8
dependency: nsubj→7
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fpn
form: f.pl.nom
element 9
dependency: det:p_nom→8