chapter view
sentence 66
približi lemma: približa 'come closer'
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
se lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
pri lemma: pri 'by'
form: preposition
méne lemma: az 'I'
form: 1sg.gen/acc
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
tè lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
doségnemь lemma: dosegna 'touch, reach'
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
čado lemma: čedo 'child'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
ʺcome closer to me, so that I can touch you, o childʺ
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
vídimь lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
tí+ lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.nom
li+ lemma: li '(question particle)'
form: interrogative particle
si lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.dat
sínь lemma: sin 'son'
form: m.sg.nom
moĭ lemma: moi 'my'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
ʾisavь lemma: Isav 'Esau'
form: m.sg.nom
ʾili lemma: ili 'or'
form: conjunction
nè lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
ʺso that I see, whether you are my son Esau or notʺ
total elements: 18
tree view (.svg)
linear view (Embedded brat):
view .conllu
približi
približi
lemma: približa 'come closer' SJS LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: allative pri-
suffixes: causative -i-
tag: Vmia3se
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
element 1
dependency: root→0
se
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 2
dependency: expl→1
pri
pri
lemma: pri 'by' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 3
dependency: case→4
méne
mene
lemma: az 'I' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Annotation uses the following scheme, even if long and short forms can fulfill different syntactic functions: mene Pp1-sg, mi Pp1-sd, me Pp1-sa
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp1-sg
form: 1sg.gen/acc
element 4
dependency: obl→1
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 5
dependency: mark→7
tè
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 6
dependency: obj→7
doségnemь
dosegnemъ
lemma: dosegna 'touch, reach' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: final do-
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmip1se
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
element 7
dependency: advcl→1
čado
čado
lemma: čedo 'child' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS čędo
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nnsny
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 8
dependency: vocative→1
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 9
dependency: mark→10
vídimь
vidimъ
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmip1si
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
element 10
dependency: advcl→7
tí+
ti
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sn
form: 2sg.nom
element 11
dependency: nsubj→13
li+
li
lemma: li '(question particle)' search
tag: Qq
form: interrogative particle
element 12
dependency: amod→11
si
si
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---d
form: refl.dat
element 13
dependency: advcl→10
sínь
sinъ
lemma: sin 'son' SJS search
CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 14
dependency: obl:pred→13
moĭ
moi
lemma: moi 'my' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 15
dependency: amod:poss→14
ʾisavь
isavъ
lemma: Isav 'Esau' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 16
dependency: appos→14
ʾili
ili
lemma: ili 'or' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 17
dependency: cc→18
nè
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 18
dependency: conj→13