chapter view
sentence 80
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
cr̃ь_stvo+ lemma: carstvo 'kingdom'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
negóvo lemma: negov 'his'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
xóče lemma: xoču 'will'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
gd͒ь lemma: Gospod 'Lord'
form: m.sg.nom
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
mu lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.dat
zeme lemma: zema 'take'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
ʾiz+ lemma: iz 'from'
form: preposition
ruké+ lemma: rъka 'hand'
form: f.dl.nom/acc
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.pl.nom
and God wants to take his kingdom out of his hands,
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
go lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
sakrúši lemma: sъkruša 'break'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
go lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
frь´li lemma: fъrlja 'throw'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
va+ lemma: v 'in'
form: preposition
tmu lemma: tъma 'darkness'
form: f.sg.acc
kroméšnoju lemma: kromešen 'outer'
form: f.sg.acc.pron
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
va+ lemma: v 'in'
form: preposition
muku lemma: mъka 'torment'
form: f.sg.acc
véčnuju- lemma: večen 'eternal'
form: f.sg.acc.pron
shatter it and throw it in a pitch darkness and in an endless suffering
u+ lemma: u 'at'
form: preposition
dlьbóko lemma: dъlbok 'deep'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
mésto lemma: město 'place'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
in a deep place
total elements: 29
tree view (.svg)
linear view (Embedded brat):
view .conllu
ROOT i crъstvo to negovo xoče gdъ da mu zeme iz ruke te da go sakruši i da go frъli va tmu kromešnoju i va muku večnuju u dlъboko mesto
cc(i-2, zeme-10)
obj(crъstvo-3, zeme-10)
det:p_nom(to-4, crъstvo-3)
amod:poss(negovo-5, crъstvo-3)
aux(xoče-6, zeme-10)
nsubj(gdъ-7, zeme-10)
fixed:inf(da-8, xoče-6)
obl:iobj(mu-9, zeme-10)
root(zeme-10, ROOT)
case(iz-11, ruke-12)
obl:abl(ruke-12, zeme-10)
det:p_nom(te-13, ruke-12)
aux:inf(da-14, sakruši-16)
obj(go-15, sakruši-16)
conj(sakruši-16, zeme-10)
cc(i-17, frъli-20)
aux:inf(da-18, frъli-20)
obj(go-19, frъli-20)
conj(frъli-20, sakruši-16)
case(va-21, tmu-22)
obl:lat(tmu-22, frъli-20)
amod(kromešnoju-23, tmu-22)
cc(i-24, muku-26)
case(va-25, muku-26)
conj(muku-26, tmu-22)
amod(večnuju-27, muku-26)
case(u-28, mesto-30)
amod(dlъboko-29, mesto-30)
obl:lat(mesto-30, frъli-20)ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→9
cr̃ь_stvo+
crъstvo
lemma: carstvo 'kingdom' search
inflection: o-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ьstvo
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 2
dependency: obj→9
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 3
dependency: det:p_nom→2
negóvo
negovo
lemma: negov 'his' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 4
dependency: amod:poss→2
xóče
xoče
lemma: xoču 'will' LOVe search
A variant of šta, likely a SC (or possibly Eastern CS) influence, also often used as future auxilia. Used if /č/ is a part of the word form. Punčo uses for 3pl.prs forms both xočat and xočut.
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 5
dependency: aux→9
gd͒ь
gdъ
lemma: Gospod 'Lord' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Endings commonly used by Punčo (gda, gdu) are typical of o-stems. OCS Gospodь was originally an i-stem, what is still reflected on the vocative g-di (cf. Lunt 2001:75). Older sg.gen gospodně (often abbreviated gdně) indicate influence of n-stems like dьnь. These are handled as a sg.gen soft-stem possessive adjectives (lemma Gospoden).
inflection: irregular
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: nsubj→9
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 7
dependency: fixed:inf→5
mu
mu
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msd
form: m.3sg.dat
element 8
dependency: obl:iobj→9
zeme
zeme
lemma: zema 'take' LOVe search
Etymologically based on BG vzema, used when the initial v- is omitted. It appears already in the 16th c. version of Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: elative vъz-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 9
dependency: root→0
ʾiz+
iz
lemma: iz 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
As a prefix, in CS /z/ is usually assimilated to voiceless consonants in the root onset; in Punčoʹs dialect, it is also often shortened to s- (e.g. skusen ʹexperiencedʹ).
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 10
dependency: case→11
ruké+
ruke
lemma: rъka 'hand' search
Forms like rъce and ruke are interpreted as duals.
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfdnn
form: f.dl.nom/acc
element 11
dependency: obl:abl→9
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fpn
form: f.pl.nom
element 12
dependency: det:p_nom→11
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 13
dependency: aux:inf→15
go
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 14
dependency: obj→15
sakrúši
sakruši
lemma: sъkruša 'break' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: delative sъ-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 15
dependency: conj→9
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 16
dependency: cc→19
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 17
dependency: aux:inf→19
go
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 18
dependency: obj→19
frь´li
frъli
lemma: fъrlja 'throw' search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 19
dependency: conj→15
va+
va
lemma: v 'in' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: with loc or acc
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 20
dependency: case→21
tmu
tmu
lemma: tъma 'darkness' SJS SNSP search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 21
dependency: obl:lat→19
kroméšnoju
kromešnoju
lemma: kromešen 'outer' search
CS kroměšьnъ or kroměštьnъ; mostly used in fixed phrases like tьma kromešnaa ʹouter darknessʹ (e.g. Mt 8:12). An extension of kromě.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: deadverbial -šьnj-
tag: Afsay
form: f.sg.acc.pron
element 22
dependency: amod→21
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 23
dependency: cc→25
va+
va
lemma: v 'in' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: with loc or acc
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 24
dependency: case→25
muku
muku
lemma: mъka 'torment' search
CS mǫka, also used by Punčo for ʹhellʹ.
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -a
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 25
dependency: conj→21
véčnuju-
večnuju
lemma: večen 'eternal' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьn-
tag: Afsay
form: f.sg.acc.pron
element 26
dependency: amod→25
u+
u
lemma: u 'at' search
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 27
dependency: case→29
dlьbóko
dlъboko
lemma: dъlbok 'deep' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: positive -k-
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 28
dependency: amod→29
mésto
mesto
lemma: město 'place' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 29
dependency: obl:lat→19