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sentence 142
povelí lemma: povelja 'give an order'
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
cr̃u lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.voc
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
ʾizleznu lemma: izlěza 'go out'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
tʾija lemma: toja 'that'
form: m.pl.nom
ljúdie lemma: ljudie 'people'
form: n.pl.nom/acc
nádvorь lemma: nadvor 'outside'
form: adverb
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
ʾostaneme lemma: ostana 'remain'
form: 1pl.prs (pf)
níe lemma: nie 'we'
form: 1pl.nom
dvama lemma: dva 'two'
form: text numeral
alt.analysis: m.dl.dat/inst
u+ lemma: u 'at'
form: preposition
kapíšte lemma: kapište 'heathen shrine'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
vidíšь lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
što+ lemma: što 'what'
form: interrogative
štémь lemma: šta 'want'
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
ʾázь lemma: az 'I'
form: 1sg.nom
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
sotvórimь lemma: sъtvorja 'create, do'
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
ʺo king, command those people to go out, so that only the two of us will stay in the temple, and so that you can see what I'll doʺ
total elements: 21
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ROOT poveli cru da izleznu tija ljudie nadvorъ da ostaneme nie dvama u kapište i da vidišъ što štemъ azъ da sotvorimъ
root(poveli-2, ROOT)
vocative(cru-3, poveli-2)
mark(da-4, izleznu-5)
advcl(izleznu-5, poveli-2)
det:ext(tija-6, ljudie-7)
nsubj(ljudie-7, izleznu-5)
advmod(nadvorъ-8, izleznu-5)
mark(da-9, ostaneme-10)
advcl(ostaneme-10, izleznu-5)
nsubj(nie-11, ostaneme-10)
appos(dvama-12, nie-11)
case(u-13, kapište-14)
obl:loc(kapište-14, ostaneme-10)
cc(i-15, vidišъ-17)
mark(da-16, vidišъ-17)
conj(vidišъ-17, ostaneme-10)
mark(što-18, sotvorimъ-22)
aux:fut(štemъ-19, sotvorimъ-22)
nsubj(azъ-20, sotvorimъ-22)
fixed:inf(da-21, štemъ-19)
advcl(sotvorimъ-22, vidišъ-17)povelí
poveli
lemma: povelja 'give an order' SJS LOVe search
CS povelěti
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmm-2se
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
element 1
dependency: root→0
cr̃u
cru
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 2
dependency: vocative→1
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 3
dependency: mark→4
ʾizleznu
izleznu
lemma: izlěza 'go out' LOVe search
CS izlaziti, BG izlizam
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 4
dependency: advcl→1
tʾija
tija
lemma: toja 'that' search
The basic form reflects m.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers f.sg.nom taja (Pd-fsn), f.sg.acc tuju (Pd-fsa) and pl.nom tija (Pd--pa).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 5
dependency: det:ext→6
ljúdie
ljudie
lemma: ljudie 'people' search
CS pl.nom ljudie, pl.acc ljudi - sometimes distinguished by Punčo too! The current standard BG form is unclear (BAN III 577: ljudi, rechnik.chitanka: ljude).
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nnpny
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 6
dependency: nsubj→4
nádvorь
nadvorъ
lemma: nadvor 'outside' search
prefixes: superlative nadъ-
tag: R
form: adverb
element 7
dependency: advmod→4
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: mark→9
ʾostaneme
ostaneme
lemma: ostana 'remain' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Vmip1pe
form: 1pl.prs (pf)
element 9
dependency: advcl→4
níe
nie
lemma: nie 'we' search
Annotation reflects the following schema: nas Pp1-pg, nam Pp1-pd, ni Pp1-pa
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp1-pn
form: 1pl.nom
element 10
dependency: nsubj→9
dvama
dvama
lemma: dva 'two' search
tag: Ml or Amddn
form: text numeral or m.dl.dat/inst
element 11
dependency: appos→10
u+
u
lemma: u 'at' search
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 12
dependency: case→13
kapíšte
kapište
lemma: kapište 'heathen shrine' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
suffixes: augmentative -ište
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 13
dependency: obl:loc→9
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 14
dependency: cc→16
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 15
dependency: mark→16
vidíšь
vidišъ
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmip2si
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
element 16
dependency: conj→9
što+
što
lemma: što 'what' search
Often used as relative pronoun (without the -to suffix) by Punčo. See čьto for etymology.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 17
dependency: mark→21
štémь
štemъ
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip1si
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
element 18
dependency: aux:fut→21
ʾázь
azъ
lemma: az 'I' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Annotation uses the following scheme, even if long and short forms can fulfill different syntactic functions: mene Pp1-sg, mi Pp1-sd, me Pp1-sa
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp1-sn
form: 1sg.nom
element 19
dependency: nsubj→21
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 20
dependency: fixed:inf→18
sotvórimь
sotvorimъ
lemma: sъtvorja 'create, do' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: delative sъ-
tag: Vmip1se
form: 1sg.prs (pf)
element 21
dependency: advcl→16