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sentence 17
toé lemma: toja 'that'
form: m.sg.nom
tzár lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
néśtu lemma: nešto 'something'
form: indefinite
Krčovski 1814: néšto mù zavídělъ wt gárasъ
mu+ lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.dat
sa+ lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
evílu lemma: javja 'appear'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
ut lemma: ot 'from'
form: preposition
karés lemma: karez ''
form: sg.nom
BAN II 246, nişanyan: karez 'omraza, zloba, zlopametstvo' < tr. garaz < ar. ġaraḍ
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
tógu lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.sg.gen/acc
sfetágw lemma: svęt 'saint'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
proróka lemma: prorok 'prophet'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
danıíla lemma: Daniil 'Daniel'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
this king had (ʺappeared to himʺ) some malice towards this saint Prophet Daniel
total elements: 13
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ROOT toe car neštu mu sa evilu ut kares na togu sfetago proroka daniila
det:ext(toe-2, car-3)
obl:iobj(car-3, evilu-7)
nsubj(neštu-4, evilu-7)
expl(mu-5, car-3)
expl(sa-6, evilu-7)
root(evilu-7, ROOT)
case(ut-8, kares-9)
obl(kares-9, evilu-7)
case(na-10, proroka-13)
det(togu-11, proroka-13)
amod(sfetago-12, proroka-13)
obj(proroka-13, evilu-7)
appos(daniila-14, proroka-13)toé
toe
lemma: toja 'that' search
The basic form reflects m.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers f.sg.nom taja (Pd-fsn), f.sg.acc tuju (Pd-fsa) and pl.nom tija (Pd--pa).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pd-msn
form: m.sg.nom
element 1
dependency: det:ext→2
tzár
car
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 2
dependency: obl:iobj→6
néśtu
neštu
lemma: nešto 'something' search
CS něčьto
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pi
form: indefinite
element 3
dependency: nsubj→6
Krčovski 1814: néšto mù zavídělъ wt gárasъ
mu+
mu
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msd
form: m.3sg.dat
element 4
dependency: expl→2
sa+
sa
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 5
dependency: expl→6
evílu
evilu
lemma: javja 'appear' SJS SNSP LOVe search
CS (j)aviti is given as perfective in dictionaries.
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmp--se
form: l-ptcp (pf)
element 6
dependency: root→0
ut
ut
lemma: ot 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS otъ
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 7
dependency: case→8
karés
kares
tag: N-snn
form: sg.nom
element 8
dependency: obl→6
BAN II 246, nişanyan: karez 'omraza, zloba, zlopametstvo' < tr. garaz < ar. ġaraḍ
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 9
dependency: case→12
tógu
togu
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-msg
form: m.sg.gen/acc
element 10
dependency: det→12
sfetágw
sfetago
lemma: svęt 'saint' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
element 11
dependency: amod→12
proróka
proroka
lemma: prorok 'prophet' search
inflection: o-stem noun
prefixes: prolative pro-
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 12
dependency: obj→6
danıíla
daniila
lemma: Daniil 'Daniel' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 13
dependency: appos→12