chapter view
sentence 57
í+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
drugi+ lemma: drugi ''
form: m.pl.nom
tè lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
crstva lemma: crstvo ''
form: n.pl.nom/acc
što+ lemma: što 'what'
form: interrogative
gì lemma: gi ''
form: 3pl.nom
íma lemma: ima ''
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
frànsusь lemma: fransus ''
form: m.sg.nom
švècь lemma: švec ''
form: m.sg.nom
î+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
ingilîsь lemma: ingilis ''
form: m.sg.nom
nemè-cь lemma: nemec ''
form: m.sg.nom
prùsь lemma: prus ''
form: m.sg.nom
î+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
sičkì lemma: sički 'every, each'
form: m.sg.nom
pročíi lemma: pročii ''
form: m.sg.nom.pron
cre lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.pl.nom
cri_gratь lemma: Carigrad 'Tsarigrad'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
šte+ lemma: šta 'want'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
dà+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
e lemma: e ''
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
bàšь lemma: baš 'head, arch-'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
and Tsarigrad will be the head (of) all the other kingdoms which exist - the French, the Swedish, the English, the German, the Prussian - and all the others
total elements: 22
tree view (.svg)
linear view (Embedded brat):
view .conllu
ROOT i drugi te crstva što gi ima fransusъ švecъ i ingilisъ nemecъ prusъ i sički pročii cre crigratъ šte da e bašъ
cc(i-2, e-22)
amod(drugi-3, crstva-5)
det:p_adj(te-4, drugi-3)
obl:iobj(crstva-5, e-22)
cc(što-6, te-4)
expl(gi-7, te-4)
acl(ima-8, crstva-5)
appos(fransusъ-9, crstva-5)
conj(švecъ-10, fransusъ-9)
cc(i-11, ima-8)
conj(ingilisъ-12, švecъ-10)
conj(nemecъ-13, ingilisъ-12)
conj(prusъ-14, nemecъ-13)
cc(i-15, ingilisъ-12)
amod(sički-16, prusъ-14)
amod(pročii-17, prusъ-14)
conj(cre-18, prusъ-14)
nsubj(crigratъ-19, e-22)
aux:fut(šte-20, e-22)
fixed:inf(da-21, šte-20)
root(e-22, ROOT)
obl:pred(bašъ-23, e-22)í+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→21
drugi+
drugi
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 2
dependency: amod→4
tè
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 3
dependency: det:p_adj→2
crstva
crstva
tag: Nnpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 4
dependency: obl:iobj→21
što+
što
lemma: što 'what' search
Often used as relative pronoun (without the -to suffix) by Punčo. See čьto for etymology.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 5
dependency: cc→3
gì
gi
tag: Pp3-pn
form: 3pl.nom
element 6
dependency: expl→3
íma
ima
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 7
dependency: acl→4
frànsusь
fransusъ
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: appos→4
švècь
švecъ
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 9
dependency: conj→8
î+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 10
dependency: cc→7
ingilîsь
ingilisъ
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 11
dependency: conj→9
nemè-cь
nemecъ
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 12
dependency: conj→11
prùsь
prusъ
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 13
dependency: conj→12
î+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 14
dependency: cc→11
sičkì
sički
lemma: sički 'every, each' search
Demina et al. 2012:900 - sički ʹvsičkijat; kojto e v pъlnija si brojʹ. The initial v- of the old prefix vьs- is regularily omitted.
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 15
dependency: amod→13
pročíi
pročii
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 16
dependency: amod→13
cre
cre
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 17
dependency: conj→13
cri_gratь
crigratъ
lemma: Carigrad 'Tsarigrad' search
Both Carigrad and carstvujuštii gradъ are used mostly for Constantinople, but sometimes also for other royal seats, like Tarnovo (e.g. in Zogr. 107: kъ slavnomu i crstvuǫštomu gradu trъnovu).
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 18
dependency: nsubj→21
šte+
šte
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 19
dependency: aux:fut→21
dà+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 20
dependency: fixed:inf→19
e
e
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 21
dependency: root→0
bàšь
bašъ
lemma: baš 'head, arch-' search
Carski: basc. Used in phrases like basc eretik ʹleader of hereticsʹ, basc duscmanin ʹarch-enemyʹ, going back to tr. baş ʹheadʹ.
inflection: uninflected
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 22
dependency: obl:pred→21