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sentence 51
Zatovà lemma: zatova 'thus'
form: conjunction
dokare+ lemma: dokaram 'bring in by a vehicle'
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
se, lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
thus it happened
ci lemma: če 'that'
form: conjunction
cato+ lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
go lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
goneha lemma: gonja 'chase'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (ipf)
jednasc lemma: vednъž 'once'
form: adverb
jedni lemma: edin 'one'
form: m.pl.nom
negovi lemma: negov 'his'
form: m.pl.nom
duscmane, lemma: dušmanin 'enemy'
form: m.pl.nom
as he was once pursued by some of his enemies
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
go lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
ubiat, lemma: ubija 'murder, kill'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
who were going do kill him
ni+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
znajà lemma: znaja 'know'
form: ptcp.prs.act
alt.analysis: m.sg.nom
cadè lemma: kъde 'where'
form: adverb
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
bega, lemma: běgam 'run'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
he didn't know where to run
emi lemma: ami 'but'
form: conjunction
pobeghna lemma: poběgna 'run away'
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
u+ lemma: u 'at'
form: preposition
grobiscta+ lemma: grobište ''
form: n.pl.nom/acc
ta, lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.pl.nom
so he ran to the cemetery
total elements: 24
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ROOT Zatova dokare se ci cato go gonexa jednaš jedni negovi dušmane da go ubiat ni znaja kade da bega emi pobegna u grobišta ta
cc(Zatova-2, dokare-3)
root(dokare-3, ROOT)
expl(se-4, dokare-3)
mark(ci-5, pobegna-22)
mark(cato-6, gonexa-8)
obj(go-7, gonexa-8)
advcl(gonexa-8, pobegna-22)
advmod(jednaš-9, gonexa-8)
det(jedni-10, dušmane-12)
amod:poss(negovi-11, dušmane-12)
nsubj(dušmane-12, gonexa-8)
mark(da-13, ubiat-15)
obj(go-14, ubiat-15)
advcl(ubiat-15, gonexa-8)
advmod(ni-16, znaja-17)
advcl(znaja-17, pobegna-22)
mark(kade-18, bega-20)
fixed(da-19, kade-18)
advcl(bega-20, znaja-17)
mark(emi-21, pobegna-22)
advcl(pobegna-22, dokare-3)
case(u-23, grobišta-24)
obl:lat(grobišta-24, pobegna-22)
det:p_nom(ta-25, grobišta-24)Zatovà
Zatova
lemma: zatova 'thus' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to, -va
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→2
dokare+
dokare
lemma: dokaram 'bring in by a vehicle' search
inflection: a-verb
prefixes: final do-
tag: Vmia3se
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
se,
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 3
dependency: expl→2
ci
ci
lemma: če 'that' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 4
dependency: mark→21
cato+
cato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 5
dependency: mark→7
go
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 6
dependency: obj→7
goneha
gonexa
lemma: gonja 'chase' SJS LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: causative -ei-
tag: Vmii3pi
form: 3pl.aor/impf (ipf)
element 7
dependency: advcl→21
jednasc
jednaš
lemma: vednъž 'once' search
BAN (I 127) gives a 15th-c. form jedinǫšt, analyzing it as sg.acc edinǫ + ptcp.aor.act šьd- lit. ʹ(in) one goingʹ.
suffixes: iterative -šьdi
tag: R
form: adverb
element 8
dependency: advmod→7
jedni
jedni
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 9
dependency: det→11
negovi
negovi
lemma: negov 'his' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 10
dependency: amod:poss→11
duscmane,
dušmane
lemma: dušmanin 'enemy' search
Carski: duscmanin (but Mauricio: Duscman ʹnemicoʹ) < tr. düşman ʹenemyʹ
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 11
dependency: nsubj→7
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 12
dependency: mark→14
go
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 13
dependency: obj→14
ubiat,
ubiat
lemma: ubija 'murder, kill' SJS LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: allative u-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 14
dependency: advcl→7
ni+
ni
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 15
dependency: advmod→16
znajà
znaja
lemma: znaja 'know' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
Punčo prefers the athematic 1sg.prs form znamь.
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vmpp-sia or Amsnn
form: ptcp.prs.act or m.sg.nom
element 16
dependency: advcl→21
cadè
kade
lemma: kъde 'where' search
BG variant of CS gde - used, when the jer is reflected in the text.
suffixes: C-stem sg.gen/loc -e
tag: R
form: adverb
element 17
dependency: mark→19
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 18
dependency: fixed→17
bega,
bega
lemma: běgam 'run' SJS LOVe search
CS běgati, 3sg.prs běgaetъ
inflection: a-verb
suffixes: iterative -a-
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 19
dependency: advcl→16
emi
emi
lemma: ami 'but' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 20
dependency: mark→21
pobeghna
pobegna
lemma: poběgna 'run away' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmia3se
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
element 21
dependency: advcl→2
u+
u
lemma: u 'at' search
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 22
dependency: case→23
grobiscta+
grobišta
tag: Nnpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 23
dependency: obl:lat→21
ta,
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-npn
form: n.pl.nom
element 24
dependency: det:p_nom→23