chapter view
sentence 133
I lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
ciunki lemma: čunki 'because'
form: conjunction
one lemma: onja 'that'
form: m.sg.nom
tvart lemma: tvъrd 'hard'
form: m.sg.nom
Eretik lemma: eretik 'heretic'
form: m.sg.nom
ni: lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
znajesce lemma: znaja 'know'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
and because that stubborn (ʺhardʺ) heretic didn't know
cacò lemma: kak 'how'
form: interrogative
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
odgovare lemma: otgovorja 'answer'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
dumi+ lemma: duma 'word'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.pl.nom
od lemma: od 'from, of'
form: preposition
Sveti lemma: svęt 'saint'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
An:tuna, lemma: Anton 'Anthony'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
how to reply to the words of St Anthony
total elements: 16
tree view (.svg)
linear view (Embedded brat):
view .conllu
ROOT I čiunki one tvart Eretik ni znaješe kako da odgovare na dumi te od Sveti Antuna
cc(I-2, znaješe-8)
cc(čiunki-3, znaješe-8)
det:ext(one-4, Eretik-6)
amod(tvart-5, Eretik-6)
nsubj(Eretik-6, znaješe-8)
advmod(ni-7, znaješe-8)
root(znaješe-8, ROOT)
mark(kako-9, odgovare-11)
fixed(da-10, kako-9)
advcl(odgovare-11, znaješe-8)
case(na-12, dumi-13)
obl(dumi-13, odgovare-11)
det:p_nom(te-14, dumi-13)
case(od-15, Antuna-17)
amod(Sveti-16, Antuna-17)
nmod:poss(Antuna-17, dumi-13)I
I
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→7
ciunki
čiunki
lemma: čunki 'because' search
Carski: ciunki < tr. çünkü ʹbecauseʹ
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 2
dependency: cc→7
one
one
lemma: onja 'that' search
Used if the -ja suffix is present.
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -ja
tag: Pd-msn
form: m.sg.nom
element 3
dependency: det:ext→5
tvart
tvart
lemma: tvъrd 'hard' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 4
dependency: amod→5
Eretik
Eretik
lemma: eretik 'heretic' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 5
dependency: nsubj→7
ni:
ni
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 6
dependency: advmod→7
znajesce
znaješe
lemma: znaja 'know' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
Punčo prefers the athematic 1sg.prs form znamь.
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 7
dependency: root→0
cacò
kako
lemma: kak 'how' search
CS kakъ is used mostly adnominally with the meaning ʹwhat kind ofʹ (as BG kakъv; RBE: histdict). Modern (and also "simple") BG kak is used as CS kako.
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 8
dependency: mark→10
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 9
dependency: fixed→8
odgovare
odgovare
lemma: otgovorja 'answer' search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: ablative otъ-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 10
dependency: advcl→7
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 11
dependency: case→12
dumi+
dumi
lemma: duma 'word' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpnn
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 12
dependency: obl→10
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fpn
form: f.pl.nom
element 13
dependency: det:p_nom→12
od
od
lemma: od 'from, of' search
Variant of ot, commonly used by Carski (and in MK).
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 14
dependency: case→16
Sveti
Sveti
lemma: svęt 'saint' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 15
dependency: amod→16
An:tuna,
Antuna
lemma: Anton 'Anthony' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 16
dependency: nmod:poss→12