chapter view
sentence 104
samь lemma: sam 'alone'
form: m.sg.nom
tói lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.nom
napìsalь, lemma: napiša 'write'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
ako lemma: ako 'if'
form: conjunction
grè-ci lemma: grъk 'Greek'
form: m.pl.nom
wt+ lemma: ot 'from'
form: preposition
závistь lemma: zavist 'envy'
form: f.sg.nom
i+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
wt+ lemma: ot 'from'
form: preposition
nenavìstь lemma: nenavist 'hate'
form: f.sg.nom
što lemma: što 'what'
form: interrogative
imeę´li lemma: imam 'have'
form: l-ptcp (impf. stem)
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
bòlgari, lemma: bъlgarin 'Bulgarian'
form: m.pl.nom
he himself wrote, that because of jealousy and hate the Greeks had towards Bulgarians
ta+ lemma: ta 'and, thus'
form: conjunction
ne+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
písali lemma: piša 'write'
form: l-ptcp
xrábrię lemma: xrabъr 'brave'
form: f.pl.nom/acc.pron
postúpki lemma: postupъk ''
form: f.pl.nom/acc
i+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
slávnaę lemma: slaven 'glorious, famous'
form: n.pl.nom/acc.pron
deę´nię, lemma: dějanie ''
form: n.pl.nom/acc
crei lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.pl.gen
i+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
naróda lemma: narod 'nation'
form: m.sg.gen
bol'ga-rskago, lemma: bъlgarski 'of Bulgaria'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
they did not write about the brave and famous deeds of Bulgarian kings and nation
total elements: 26
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ROOT samъ toi napisalъ ako greci ot zavistъ i ot nenavistъ što imeęli na bolgari ta ne pisali xrabrię postupki i slavnaę deęnię crei i naroda bolъgarskago
amod(samъ-2, toi-3)
nsubj(toi-3, napisalъ-4)
root(napisalъ-4, ROOT)
mark(ako-5, pisali-18)
nsubj(greci-6, pisali-18)
case(ot-7, zavistъ-8)
obl:abl(zavistъ-8, pisali-18)
cc(i-9, nenavistъ-11)
case(ot-10, nenavistъ-11)
conj:abl(nenavistъ-11, zavistъ-8)
mark(što-12, imeęli-13)
acl(imeęli-13, zavistъ-8)
case(na-14, bolgari-15)
obl:iobj(bolgari-15, imeęli-13)
cc(ta-16, pisali-18)
advmod(ne-17, pisali-18)
advcl(pisali-18, napisalъ-4)
amod(xrabrię-19, postupki-20)
obj(postupki-20, pisali-18)
cc(i-21, deęnię-23)
amod(slavnaę-22, deęnię-23)
conj(deęnię-23, postupki-20)
nmod:poss(crei-24, postupki-20)
cc(i-25, naroda-26)
conj(naroda-26, crei-24)
amod(bolъgarskago-27, naroda-26)samь
samъ
lemma: sam 'alone' search
inflection: hard pronominal
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 1
dependency: amod→2
tói
toi
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msn
form: m.3sg.nom
element 2
dependency: nsubj→3
napìsalь,
napisalъ
lemma: napiša 'write' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: additive na-
tag: Vmp--se
form: l-ptcp (pf)
element 3
dependency: root→0
ako
ako
lemma: ako 'if' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 4
dependency: mark→17
grè-ci
greci
lemma: grъk 'Greek' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 5
dependency: nsubj→17
wt+
ot
lemma: ot 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS otъ
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 6
dependency: case→7
závistь
zavistъ
lemma: zavist 'envy' LOVe search
inflection: i-stem noun
prefixes: postlative za-
suffixes: verbal noun -tь
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: obl:abl→17
i+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: cc→10
wt+
ot
lemma: ot 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS otъ
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 9
dependency: case→10
nenavìstь
nenavistъ
lemma: nenavist 'hate' LOVe search
inflection: i-stem noun
prefixes: negative ne-, additive na-
suffixes: verbal noun -tь
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 10
dependency: conj:abl→7
što
što
lemma: što 'what' search
Often used as relative pronoun (without the -to suffix) by Punčo. See čьto for etymology.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 11
dependency: mark→12
imeę´li
imeęli
lemma: imam 'have' SJS LOVe search
CS iměti (irregular ě-/a-verb: 1sg.prs imamь, 2sg imaši) or imati (an a-/je-verb: 1sg.prs emljǫ, 2sg emlješi, SJS - link). Punčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь.
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmpi-pi
form: l-ptcp (impf. stem)
element 12
dependency: acl→7
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 13
dependency: case→14
bòlgari,
bolgari
lemma: bъlgarin 'Bulgarian' search
Punčo uses both -e and -i as pl.nom forms (5 vs. 2 in first 20 chapters).
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 14
dependency: obl:iobj→12
ta+
ta
lemma: ta 'and, thus' search
BAN VII 731: ta sz., čast. za dobavjane na novo, srodno i po-silno kačestvo ili obraz (= i, če), za izrazjavane na vrăzka i sledstvie (= i, da, za da), za văveždane na podčineno izrečenie za cel (= za da) ili za sledstvie (poradi koeto, če), za pojasnjavane na nešto zagatnoto (= če) etc.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 15
dependency: cc→17
ne+
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 16
dependency: advmod→17
písali
pisali
lemma: piša 'write' SJS LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vmp--p
form: l-ptcp
element 17
dependency: advcl→3
xrábrię
xrabrię
lemma: xrabъr 'brave' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Afpny
form: f.pl.nom/acc.pron
element 18
dependency: amod→19
postúpki
postupki
tag: Nfpnn
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 19
dependency: obj→17
i+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 20
dependency: cc→22
slávnaę
slavnaę
lemma: slaven 'glorious, famous' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьn-
tag: Anpny
form: n.pl.nom/acc.pron
element 21
dependency: amod→22
deę´nię,
deęnię
tag: Nnpny
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 22
dependency: conj→19
crei
crei
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmpgy
form: m.pl.gen
element 23
dependency: nmod:poss→19
i+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 24
dependency: cc→25
naróda
naroda
lemma: narod 'nation' LOVe search
inflection: o-stem noun
prefixes: additive na-
suffixes: verbal noun -ъ
tag: Nmsgn
form: m.sg.gen
element 25
dependency: conj→23
bol'ga-rskago,
bolъgarskago
lemma: bъlgarski 'of Bulgaria' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: Amsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
element 26
dependency: amod→25