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sentence 34
taka lemma: taka 'thus'
form: relative
i˖ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
tébe lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.gen/acc (long)
gь lemma: Gospod 'Lord'
form: m.sg.nom
thus Lord teaches you too
uči˖ lemma: uča 'learn'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
dobri˖ lemma: dobъr 'good'
form: n.pl.nom/acc
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.pl.nom
pьtïšta lemma: pǫt 'way'
form: n.pl.nom/acc
da˖ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
čínišь lemma: činja 'do'
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
to stay on (ʺdoʺ) the good ways
a˖ lemma: a 'and, but'
form: conjunction
wt˖ lemma: ot 'from'
form: preposition
zlí˖ lemma: zъl 'evil, angry'
form: n.pl.nom/acc
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.pl.nom
dá˖ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
bégašь lemma: běgam 'run'
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
and to flee from the bad ones
total elements: 16
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ROOT taka i tebe gъ uči dobri te pъtišta da činišъ a ot zli te da begašъ
advmod(taka-2, uči-6)
cc(i-3, uči-6)
obj(tebe-4, uči-6)
nsubj(gъ-5, uči-6)
root(uči-6, ROOT)
amod(dobri-7, pъtišta-9)
det:p_adj(te-8, dobri-7)
obj(pъtišta-9, činišъ-11)
mark(da-10, činišъ-11)
advcl(činišъ-11, uči-6)
cc(a-12, begašъ-17)
case(ot-13, zli-14)
obl:abl(zli-14, begašъ-17)
det:p_adj(te-15, zli-14)
mark(da-16, begašъ-17)
conj(begašъ-17, činišъ-11)taka
taka
lemma: taka 'thus' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS tako
suffixes: manner -ako, n.sg.gen -a (?)
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 1
dependency: advmod→5
i˖
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 2
dependency: cc→5
tébe
tebe
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sg
form: 2sg.gen/acc (long)
element 3
dependency: obj→5
gь
gъ
lemma: Gospod 'Lord' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Endings commonly used by Punčo (gda, gdu) are typical of o-stems. OCS Gospodь was originally an i-stem, what is still reflected on the vocative g-di (cf. Lunt 2001:75). Older sg.gen gospodně (often abbreviated gdně) indicate influence of n-stems like dьnь. These are handled as a sg.gen soft-stem possessive adjectives (lemma Gospoden).
inflection: irregular
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 4
dependency: nsubj→5
uči˖
uči
lemma: uča 'learn' SJS LOVe search
CS učiti - biaspectual in SJS
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: causative -i-
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 5
dependency: root→0
dobri˖
dobri
lemma: dobъr 'good' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Anpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 6
dependency: amod→8
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-npn
form: n.pl.nom
element 7
dependency: det:p_adj→6
pьtïšta
pъtišta
lemma: pǫt 'way' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Modern BG has an irregular pl. pъtišta. The lemma pъt (pl. pъti) is used for counting. CS pǫtь is an i-stem.
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nnpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 8
dependency: obj→10
da˖
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 9
dependency: mark→10
čínišь
činišъ
lemma: činja 'do' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip2si
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
element 10
dependency: advcl→5
a˖
a
lemma: a 'and, but' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 11
dependency: cc→16
wt˖
ot
lemma: ot 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS otъ
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 12
dependency: case→13
zlí˖
zli
lemma: zъl 'evil, angry' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Anpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 13
dependency: obl:abl→16
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-npn
form: n.pl.nom
element 14
dependency: det:p_adj→13
dá˖
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 15
dependency: mark→16
bégašь
begašъ
lemma: běgam 'run' SJS LOVe search
CS běgati, 3sg.prs běgaetъ
inflection: a-verb
suffixes: iterative -a-
tag: Vmip2si
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
element 16
dependency: conj→10