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sentence 209
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
na_taknuli lemma: natъkna 'stick'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
alt.analysis: pl
◄ lemma: ◄ ''
form: residual
glávu lemma: glava 'head'
form: f.sg.acc
nikifórovu lemma: Nikiforov 'of Nicephorus'
form: f.sg.acc
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
vílu lemma: vila 'pitchfork'
form: f.sg.acc
radi lemma: radi 'for the sake of'
form: preposition
sméxь lemma: směx 'laugh'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
And they stuck the head of Nicephorus on a pitchfork for mockery,
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
vidi lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
svь lemma: sve 'all'
form: m.sg.nom
naródь lemma: narod 'nation'
form: m.sg.nom
ʾi lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
Zogr. 43 (10r): da pomnitъ vъsakъ
e͒+ lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
pomni lemma: pomena 'remember'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
and so that all the people see and remember,
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
sveki lemma: sveki 'every'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
znae lemma: znaja 'know'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
kakvo+ lemma: kakvo 'what'
form: interrogative
e lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
ʾi_malь lemma: imam 'have'
form: l-ptcp (ipf)
alt.analysis: m.sg.nom
cr̃ь lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
krunь lemma: Krun 'Krum'
form: m.sg.nom
pobédu lemma: pobeda 'victory'
form: f.sg.acc
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
grь´ci lemma: grъk 'Greek'
form: m.pl.nom
and so that everyone knows, how Emperor Krum had a victory over Greeks.
total elements: 30
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ROOT i nataknuli ◄ glavu nikiforovu na vilu radi smexъ i da vidi svъ narodъ i da e pomni i sveki da znae kakvo e imalъ crъ krunъ pobedu na grъci
case(i-2, nataknuli-3)
root:prf(nataknuli-3, ROOT)
punct(◄-4, nataknuli-3)
obj(glavu-5, nataknuli-3)
amod:poss(nikiforovu-6, glavu-5)
case(na-7, vilu-8)
obl(vilu-8, nataknuli-3)
case(radi-9, smexъ-10)
obl(smexъ-10, nataknuli-3)
cc(i-11, vidi-13)
mark(da-12, vidi-13)
conj:advcl(vidi-13, smexъ-10)
amod:det(svъ-14, narodъ-15)
nsubj(narodъ-15, vidi-13)
cc(i-16, pomni-19)
mark(da-17, pomni-19)
discourse(e-18, pomni-19)
conj(pomni-19, vidi-13)
cc(i-20, znae-23)
nsubj(sveki-21, znae-23)
mark(da-22, znae-23)
conj(znae-23, pomni-19)
mark(kakvo-24, imalъ-26)
aux:prf(e-25, imalъ-26)
advcl(imalъ-26, znae-23)
nsubj(crъ-27, imalъ-26)
appos(krunъ-28, crъ-27)
obj(pobedu-29, imalъ-26)
case(na-30, grъci-31)
nmod(grъci-31, pobedu-29)ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: case→2
na_taknuli
nataknuli
lemma: natъkna 'stick' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: additive na-
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmp--pe or A-pnn
form: l-ptcp (pf) or pl
element 2
dependency: root:prf→0
◄
◄
tag: X
form: residual
element 3
dependency: punct→2
glávu
glavu
lemma: glava 'head' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 4
dependency: obj→2
nikifórovu
nikiforovu
lemma: Nikiforov 'of Nicephorus' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-
tag: Afsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 5
dependency: amod:poss→4
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 6
dependency: case→7
vílu
vilu
lemma: vila 'pitchfork' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 7
dependency: obl→2
radi
radi
lemma: radi 'for the sake of' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
A postposition in CS.
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 8
dependency: case→9
sméxь
smexъ
lemma: směx 'laugh' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
suffixes: abstract -xъ
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 9
dependency: obl→2
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 10
dependency: cc→12
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 11
dependency: mark→12
vidi
vidi
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 12
dependency: conj:advcl→9
svь
svъ
lemma: sve 'all' search
A dialectal variant of vse, preferred by Punčo. The n.sg form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N (ʹeverythingʹ) or R (ʹfullyʹ).
inflection: mixed pronominal
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 13
dependency: amod:det→14
naródь
narodъ
lemma: narod 'nation' LOVe search
inflection: o-stem noun
prefixes: additive na-
suffixes: verbal noun -ъ
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 14
dependency: nsubj→12
ʾi
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 15
dependency: cc→18
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 16
dependency: mark→18
Zogr. 43 (10r): da pomnitъ vъsakъ
e͒+
e
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 17
dependency: discourse→18
pomni
pomni
lemma: pomena 'remember' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
CS pomęnǫti or poměnǫti. The -nǫ- is sometimes detached in aorist forms, like 3pl pomęšę (Ps.Sin. 105:7, cf. Leskien 1922:150 §118).
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 18
dependency: conj→12
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 19
dependency: cc→22
sveki
sveki
lemma: sveki 'every' search
A dialectal variant of vsěki.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 20
dependency: nsubj→22
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 21
dependency: mark→22
znae
znae
lemma: znaja 'know' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
Punčo prefers the athematic 1sg.prs form znamь.
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 22
dependency: conj→18
kakvo+
kakvo
lemma: kakvo 'what' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally.
suffixes: demonstrative -vo
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 23
dependency: mark→25
e
e
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 24
dependency: aux:prf→25
ʾi_malь
imalъ
lemma: imam 'have' SJS LOVe search
CS iměti (irregular ě-/a-verb: 1sg.prs imamь, 2sg imaši) or imati (an a-/je-verb: 1sg.prs emljǫ, 2sg emlješi, SJS - link). Punčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь.
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmp--si or Amsnn
form: l-ptcp (ipf) or m.sg.nom
element 25
dependency: advcl→22
cr̃ь
crъ
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 26
dependency: nsubj→25
krunь
krunъ
lemma: Krun 'Krum' search
Paisiusʹ (and Punčoʹs) spelling of the name of one of the great khan of early Bulgaria (803-814).
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 27
dependency: appos→26
pobédu
pobedu
lemma: pobeda 'victory' search
CS poběda
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -a
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 28
dependency: obj→25
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 29
dependency: case→30
grь´ci
grъci
lemma: grъk 'Greek' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 30
dependency: nmod→28