chapter view
sentence 114
zašto: lemma: zašto 'for'
form: conjunction
ne lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
st̃i lemma: světja 'shine'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
taę lemma: toja 'that'
form: f.sg.nom
zvezda lemma: zvezda 'star'
form: f.sg.nom
sʾьga lemma: sega 'now'
form: adverb
u+ lemma: u 'at'
form: preposition
naši+ lemma: naš 'our'
form: m.pl.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
dnì lemma: den 'day'
form: m.pl.nom
zlo_čʾesti lemma: zločest 'bad, misfortunate'
form: m.pl.nom
(And) why does not the star shine now, in our evil days,
kato lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
prez͛ь lemma: prez 'through'
form: preposition
ʾwnïę lemma: onija ''
form: f.pl.nom
godini lemma: godina 'year'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
ko_gi lemma: koga 'when'
form: interrogative
béše lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
berikétь lemma: bereket 'abundance'
form: noun
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
zémlju lemma: zemlja 'land, earth'
form: f.sg.acc
as during those years, when there was abundance on the Earth?
total elements: 20
tree view (.svg)
linear view (Embedded brat):
view .conllu
ROOT zašto ne sti taę zvezda sъga u naši te dni zločesti kato prezъъ onię godini kogi beše beriketъ na zemlju
cc(zašto-2, sti-4)
advmod(ne-3, sti-4)
root(sti-4, ROOT)
det:ext(taę-5, zvezda-6)
nsubj(zvezda-6, sti-4)
advmod(sъga-7, sti-4)
case(u-8, dni-11)
amod:poss(naši-9, dni-11)
det:p_adj(te-10, naši-9)
obl(dni-11, sti-4)
amod(zločesti-12, dni-11)
mark(kato-13, godini-16)
case(prezъъ-14, godini-16)
det:ext(onię-15, godini-16)
advcl(godini-16, sti-4)
mark(kogi-17, beše-18)
acl(beše-18, godini-16)
nsubj(beriketъ-19, beše-18)
case(na-20, zemlju-21)
obl:loc(zemlju-21, beše-18)zašto:
zašto
lemma: zašto 'for' search
Used commonly with the relative meaning of zaštoto. Could be also analyzed as an interrogative pronoun. Sometimes, Paisius (and Punčo) uses it in the consequent meaning ʹthatʹ - like što or če. See čto for etymology.
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→3
ne
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 2
dependency: advmod→3
st̃i
sti
lemma: světja 'shine' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 3
dependency: root→0
taę
taę
lemma: toja 'that' search
The basic form reflects m.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers f.sg.nom taja (Pd-fsn), f.sg.acc tuju (Pd-fsa) and pl.nom tija (Pd--pa).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 4
dependency: det:ext→5
zvezda
zvezda
lemma: zvezda 'star' search
CS źvězda
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 5
dependency: nsubj→3
sʾьga
sъga
lemma: sega 'now' search
tag: R
form: adverb
element 6
dependency: advmod→3
u+
u
lemma: u 'at' search
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 7
dependency: case→10
naši+
naši
lemma: naš 'our' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 8
dependency: amod:poss→10
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 9
dependency: det:p_adj→8
dnì
dni
lemma: den 'day' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS dьnь is irregular, with traces of i-, jo- and n-stem forms in the paradigm. Punčo uses pl. form dni.
inflection: irregular
tag: Nmpnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 10
dependency: obl→3
zlo_čʾesti
zločesti
lemma: zločest 'bad, misfortunate' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 11
dependency: amod→10
kato
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 12
dependency: mark→15
prez͛ь
prezъъ
lemma: prez 'through' search
CS prezъ
tag: S
form: preposition
element 13
dependency: case→15
ʾwnïę
onię
tag: Pd-fpn
form: f.pl.nom
element 14
dependency: det:ext→15
godini
godini
lemma: godina 'year' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ina
tag: Nfpnn
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 15
dependency: advcl→3
ko_gi
kogi
lemma: koga 'when' search
Often used by Punčo as a relative pronoun too.
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 16
dependency: mark→17
béše
beše
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 17
dependency: acl→15
berikétь
beriketъ
lemma: bereket 'abundance' search
tr. bereket ʹabundanceʹ
inflection: uninflected
tag: N
form: noun
element 18
dependency: nsubj→17
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 19
dependency: case→20
zémlju
zemlju
lemma: zemlja 'land, earth' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS variant of BG zemja. Used if the epenthetic /l/ is written (as preferred by Punčo).
inflection: jā-stem noun
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 20
dependency: obl:loc→17