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sentence 57
ʾá+ lemma: a 'and, but'
form: conjunction
tovà lemma: tova 'that'
form: n.sg.nom
tvóe+ lemma: tvoi 'your'
form: n.sg.nom/acc.pron
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
cr͒tvo: lemma: carstvo 'kingdom'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
ne+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
štè lemma: šta 'want'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
ni+ lemma: ni 'nor'
form: conjunction
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
sè lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
vídi lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
kade+ lemma: kъde 'where'
form: interrogative
štè lemma: šta 'want'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
se lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
déne lemma: děnǫti 'put down, be calm'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
ʺAnd one could not see where this kingdom of yours would goʺ
total elements: 16
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ROOT a tova tvoe to crtvo ne šte ni da se vidi kade šte da se dene
cc(a-2, vidi-12)
det:ext(tova-3, crtvo-6)
amod:poss(tvoe-4, crtvo-6)
det:p_adj(to-5, tvoe-4)
nsubj(crtvo-6, vidi-12)
advmod(ne-7, šte-8)
aux:fut(šte-8, vidi-12)
advmod(ni-9, vidi-12)
fixed:inf(da-10, šte-8)
expl(se-11, vidi-12)
root(vidi-12, ROOT)
mark(kade-13, dene-17)
aux:fut(šte-14, dene-17)
fixed:inf(da-15, šte-14)
expl(se-16, dene-17)
advcl(dene-17, vidi-12)ʾá+
a
lemma: a 'and, but' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→11
tovà
tova
lemma: tova 'that' search
The basic form reflects n.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers m.sg oblique forms togova (Pd-msg) and tomuva (Pd-msd).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -va
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 2
dependency: det:ext→5
tvóe+
tvoe
lemma: tvoi 'your' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Ansny
form: n.sg.nom/acc.pron
element 3
dependency: amod:poss→5
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 4
dependency: det:p_adj→3
cr͒tvo:
crtvo
lemma: carstvo 'kingdom' search
inflection: o-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ьstvo
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 5
dependency: nsubj→11
ne+
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 6
dependency: advmod→7
štè
šte
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 7
dependency: aux:fut→11
ni+
ni
lemma: ni 'nor' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: advmod→11
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 9
dependency: fixed:inf→7
sè
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 10
dependency: expl→11
vídi
vidi
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 11
dependency: root→0
kade+
kade
lemma: kъde 'where' search
BG variant of CS gde - used, when the jer is reflected in the text.
suffixes: C-stem sg.gen/loc -e
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 12
dependency: mark→16
štè
šte
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 13
dependency: aux:fut→16
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 14
dependency: fixed:inf→13
se
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 15
dependency: expl→16
déne
dene
lemma: děnǫti 'put down, be calm' LOVe search
Miklosich: děnǫti sę ʹse ponereʹ
inflection: e-verb
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 16
dependency: advcl→11