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sentence 438
cr̃ь lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
se lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
nádaše lemma: nadeja 'hope'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
če+ lemma: če 'that'
form: conjunction
štè lemma: šta 'want'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
sè lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
poklóni lemma: poklonja 'worship, bow, give a present'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
gewrgia lemma: Georgi 'George'
form: m.sg.def
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
idole lemma: idol 'idol'
form: m.pl.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
The Emperor was hoping George would bow to the idols
total elements: 12
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ROOT crъ se nadaše če šte da se pokloni georgia na idole te
nsubj(crъ-2, nadaše-4)
expl(se-3, nadaše-4)
root(nadaše-4, ROOT)
mark(če-5, pokloni-9)
aux:fut(šte-6, pokloni-9)
fixed:inf(da-7, šte-6)
expl(se-8, pokloni-9)
advcl(pokloni-9, nadaše-4)
nsubj(georgia-10, pokloni-9)
case(na-11, idole-12)
obl:iobj(idole-12, pokloni-9)
det:p_nom(te-13, idole-12)cr̃ь
crъ
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 1
dependency: nsubj→3
se
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 2
dependency: expl→3
nádaše
nadaše
lemma: nadeja 'hope' SJS LOVe search
CS naděja sę. Punčo often uses the contracted spelling nadam (actually an a-verb).
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: additive na-
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 3
dependency: root→0
če+
če
lemma: če 'that' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 4
dependency: mark→8
štè
šte
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 5
dependency: aux:fut→8
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 6
dependency: fixed:inf→5
sè
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 7
dependency: expl→8
poklóni
pokloni
lemma: poklonja 'worship, bow, give a present' LOVe search
The meaning ʹworshipʹ is common everywhere in Slavic, requiring a reflexive construction. The meaning ʹgive a presentʹ, attested in Punčoʹs Sbornik, is also known from SC, it is considered "archaic" by RBE.
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 8
dependency: advcl→3
gewrgia
georgia
lemma: Georgi 'George' search
Usually written гер̫ги, with a ligature of р and ѡ.
inflection: new i-stem noun
tag: Nmsoy
form: m.sg.def
element 9
dependency: nsubj→8
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 10
dependency: case→11
idole
idole
lemma: idol 'idol' search
Punčo uses pl. idole (unlike st. BG idoli).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmpnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 11
dependency: obl:iobj→8
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 12
dependency: det:p_nom→11