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sentence 332
povelì lemma: povelja 'give an order'
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
cr̃u, lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.voc
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
privedut lemma: priveda 'lead in'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
nékoego lemma: někoi 'someone'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
čl̃véka lemma: človek 'human'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
ʺO Emperor, give a command to bring in a man,ʺ
dá+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
ĭma lemma: imam 'have'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
né+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
ĭscelena lemma: izcelja 'heal'
form: f.sg.nom
alt.analysis: ptcp.aor.pass (pf)
bolest lemma: bolest 'illness'
form: f.sg.nom
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
sébe lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.gen/acc
ʺmay he have an untreated illness on himself,ʺ
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
sè lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
zbérutь lemma: izbera 'choose'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
sví+ lemma: sve 'all'
form: m.sg.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
popóve lemma: pop 'priest'
form: m.pl.nom
tvóĭ lemma: tvoi 'your'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
ʺand may all your priests assemble,ʺ
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
postávatь lemma: postavja 'place, build'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
bólnago lemma: bolen 'ill'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
čl̃veka lemma: človek 'human'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
sredь lemma: sred 'middle'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
ʺand may they place the ill man to the middle,ʺ
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
stánutь lemma: stana 'become, stand up'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
sví+ lemma: sve 'all'
form: m.sg.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
popove lemma: pop 'priest'
form: m.pl.nom
tvoi lemma: tvoi 'your'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
ʾwkole lemma: okolo 'around'
form: preposition
ʺand may your priests stand around,ʺ
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
prizovutь lemma: prizova 'call, invite'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
sví+ lemma: sve 'all'
form: m.sg.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
bógove lemma: bog 'god'
form: m.pl.nom
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
rédь lemma: red 'order, line, times'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
ʺand may they summon their gods one by one!ʺ
total elements: 45
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ROOT poveli cru da privedut nekoego člveka da ima ne iscelena bolest na sebe i da se zberutъ svi te popove tvoi i da postavatъ bolnago člveka na sredъ i da stanutъ svi te popove tvoi na okole i da prizovutъ svi te bogove na redъ
root(poveli-2, ROOT)
vocative(cru-3, poveli-2)
mark(da-4, privedut-5)
advcl(privedut-5, poveli-2)
amod:det(nekoego-6, člveka-7)
obj(člveka-7, privedut-5)
mark(da-8, ima-9)
conj(ima-9, privedut-5)
amod(ne-10, iscelena-11)
amod(iscelena-11, bolest-12)
obj(bolest-12, ima-9)
case(na-13, sebe-14)
obl:loc(sebe-14, ima-9)
cc(i-15, zberutъ-18)
mark(da-16, zberutъ-18)
expl(se-17, zberutъ-18)
conj(zberutъ-18, ima-9)
amod:det(svi-19, popove-21)
det:p_adj(te-20, svi-19)
nsubj(popove-21, zberutъ-18)
amod:poss(tvoi-22, popove-21)
cc(i-23, postavatъ-25)
mark(da-24, postavatъ-25)
conj(postavatъ-25, zberutъ-18)
amod(bolnago-26, člveka-27)
obj(člveka-27, postavatъ-25)
case(na-28, sredъ-29)
obl(sredъ-29, postavatъ-25)
cc(i-30, stanutъ-32)
mark(da-31, stanutъ-32)
conj(stanutъ-32, postavatъ-25)
amod:det(svi-33, popove-35)
det:p_adj(te-34, svi-33)
nsubj(popove-35, stanutъ-32)
amod:poss(tvoi-36, popove-35)
case(na-37, okole-38)
obl(okole-38, stanutъ-32)
cc(i-39, prizovutъ-41)
mark(da-40, prizovutъ-41)
conj(prizovutъ-41, stanutъ-32)
amod:det(svi-42, bogove-44)
det:p_adj(te-43, svi-42)
obj(bogove-44, prizovutъ-41)
case(na-45, redъ-46)
nmod(redъ-46, bogove-44)povelì
poveli
lemma: povelja 'give an order' SJS LOVe search
CS povelěti
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmm-2se
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
element 1
dependency: root→0
cr̃u,
cru
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 2
dependency: vocative→1
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 3
dependency: mark→4
privedut
privedut
lemma: priveda 'lead in' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: allative pri-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 4
dependency: advcl→1
nékoego
nekoego
lemma: někoi 'someone' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally (e.g. někoi člkь).
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Amsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
element 5
dependency: amod:det→6
čl̃véka
člveka
lemma: človek 'human' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS člověkъ, BG čovek. The initial čl- is common in the damaskini and Punčoʹs Sbornik. As in CS, it is commonly abbreviated as člkъ.
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 6
dependency: obj→4
dá+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 7
dependency: mark→8
ĭma
ima
lemma: imam 'have' SJS LOVe search
CS iměti (irregular ě-/a-verb: 1sg.prs imamь, 2sg imaši) or imati (an a-/je-verb: 1sg.prs emljǫ, 2sg emlješi, SJS - link). Punčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь.
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 8
dependency: conj→4
né+
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 9
dependency: amod→10
ĭscelena
iscelena
lemma: izcelja 'heal' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
CS iscěliti (or icě-, istě- etc.)
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
suffixes: causative -i-
tag: Afsnn or Vmpa-se
form: f.sg.nom or ptcp.aor.pass (pf)
element 10
dependency: amod→11
bolest
bolest
lemma: bolest 'illness' search
inflection: i-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ostь
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 11
dependency: obj→8
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 12
dependency: case→13
sébe
sebe
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---g
form: refl.gen/acc
element 13
dependency: obl:loc→8
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 14
dependency: cc→17
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 15
dependency: mark→17
sè
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 16
dependency: expl→17
zbérutь
zberutъ
lemma: izbera 'choose' SJS LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 17
dependency: conj→8
sví+
svi
lemma: sve 'all' search
A dialectal variant of vse, preferred by Punčo. The n.sg form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N (ʹeverythingʹ) or R (ʹfullyʹ).
inflection: mixed pronominal
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 18
dependency: amod:det→20
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 19
dependency: det:p_adj→18
popóve
popove
lemma: pop 'priest' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 20
dependency: nsubj→17
tvóĭ
tvoi
lemma: tvoi 'your' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 21
dependency: amod:poss→20
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 22
dependency: cc→24
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 23
dependency: mark→24
postávatь
postavatъ
lemma: postavja 'place, build' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 24
dependency: conj→17
bólnago
bolnago
lemma: bolen 'ill' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьn-
tag: Amsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
element 25
dependency: amod→26
čl̃veka
člveka
lemma: človek 'human' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS člověkъ, BG čovek. The initial čl- is common in the damaskini and Punčoʹs Sbornik. As in CS, it is commonly abbreviated as člkъ.
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 26
dependency: obj→24
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 27
dependency: case→28
sredь
sredъ
lemma: sred 'middle' SJS search
CS has mostly srědě, which can go back to ā-stem srěda too.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 28
dependency: obl→24
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 29
dependency: cc→31
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 30
dependency: mark→31
stánutь
stanutъ
lemma: stana 'become, stand up' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
CS stati, 1sg.prs stanǫ, 2sg staneši
inflection: e-verb
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 31
dependency: conj→24
sví+
svi
lemma: sve 'all' search
A dialectal variant of vse, preferred by Punčo. The n.sg form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N (ʹeverythingʹ) or R (ʹfullyʹ).
inflection: mixed pronominal
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 32
dependency: amod:det→34
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 33
dependency: det:p_adj→32
popove
popove
lemma: pop 'priest' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 34
dependency: nsubj→31
tvoi
tvoi
lemma: tvoi 'your' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 35
dependency: amod:poss→34
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 36
dependency: case→37
ʾwkole
okole
lemma: okolo 'around' search
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 37
dependency: obl→31
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 38
dependency: cc→40
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 39
dependency: mark→40
prizovutь
prizovutъ
lemma: prizova 'call, invite' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: allative pri-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 40
dependency: conj→31
sví+
svi
lemma: sve 'all' search
A dialectal variant of vse, preferred by Punčo. The n.sg form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N (ʹeverythingʹ) or R (ʹfullyʹ).
inflection: mixed pronominal
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 41
dependency: amod:det→43
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 42
dependency: det:p_adj→41
bógove
bogove
lemma: bog 'god' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 43
dependency: obj→40
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 44
dependency: case→45
rédь
redъ
lemma: red 'order, line, times' search
CS rędъ, o- and u-stem endings are about equally distributed. In other words, form rędu is used in sg.gen (e.g. bezъ rędu), dat (po rędu) and loc (vъ rędu) alike.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 45
dependency: nmod→43