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sentence 560
višъ lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 2sg.imp (ipf)
cru lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.voc
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
ne lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
budutъ lemma: bъda 'become'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
futurum exactum!
padnuli lemma: padna 'fall'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
alt.analysis: pl
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
zemlju lemma: zemlja 'land, earth'
form: f.sg.acc
ʺO Emperor, make sure they are not fallen to the ground!ʺ
total elements: 8
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ROOT višъ cru da ne budutъ padnuli na zemlju
root(višъ-2, ROOT)
vocative(cru-3, višъ-2)
mark(da-4, padnuli-7)
advmod(ne-5, budutъ-6)
aux:fut:prf(budutъ-6, padnuli-7)
advcl(padnuli-7, višъ-2)
case(na-8, zemlju-9)
obl:lat(zemlju-9, padnuli-7)višъ
višъ
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmm-2si
form: 2sg.imp (ipf)
element 1
dependency: root→0
cru
cru
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 2
dependency: vocative→1
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 3
dependency: mark→6
ne
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 4
dependency: advmod→5
budutъ
budutъ
lemma: bъda 'become' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
Also used for conditional particles bix, bi, etc. Non-present forms using the root by- (aorist, imperative, conditional) are handled as anaspectual in our OCS sources.
inflection: e-verb
suffixes: nasal present -on-
tag: Vaip3pe
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 5
dependency: aux:fut:prf→6
futurum exactum!
padnuli
padnuli
lemma: padna 'fall' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmp--pe or A-pnn
form: l-ptcp (pf) or pl
element 6
dependency: advcl→1
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 7
dependency: case→8
zemlju
zemlju
lemma: zemlja 'land, earth' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS variant of BG zemja. Used if the epenthetic /l/ is written (as preferred by Punčo).
inflection: jā-stem noun
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 8
dependency: obl:lat→6