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sentence 250
zašto lemma: zašto 'for'
form: conjunction
tamo lemma: tamo 'there'
form: adverb
rá_zméša lemma: razmesja 'mix'
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
gd͒ь lemma: Gospod 'Lord'
form: m.sg.nom
ʾjázíci+ lemma: ezik 'language, tongue'
form: m.pl.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
svéki lemma: sveki 'every'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
drúgakь lemma: drugak 'otherwise'
form: adverb
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
govórit lemma: govorja 'talk, discuss'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
because he Lord mixed all the languages, so that everyone speaks differently:
ední lemma: edin 'one'
form: m.pl.nom
edni grьčki is written with a red pen
grьčki lemma: grъcki 'of Greeks'
form: m.sg.nom
drugi lemma: drug 'other'
form: m.pl.nom
fren͛ski lemma: frenski 'French'
form: adverb
treti lemma: treti 'third'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
nem͛ski lemma: nemski 'German'
form: adverb
četverti lemma: četvъrti 'fourth'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
vláški lemma: vlaški 'Wallachian'
form: adverb
(so that) one (speaks) Greek, another - French, a third - German, a fourth - Wallachian
total elements: 18
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ROOT zašto tamo razmeša gdъ jazici te sveki drugakъ da govorit edni grъčki drugi frenъski treti nemъski četverti vlaški
cc(zašto-2, razmeša-4)
advmod(tamo-3, razmeša-4)
root(razmeša-4, ROOT)
nsubj(gdъ-5, razmeša-4)
obj(jazici-6, razmeša-4)
det:p_nom(te-7, jazici-6)
nsubj(sveki-8, govorit-11)
advmod(drugakъ-9, govorit-11)
mark(da-10, govorit-11)
advcl(govorit-11, razmeša-4)
nsubj(edni-12, grъčki-13)
appos(grъčki-13, govorit-11)
nsubj(drugi-14, frenъski-15)
conj(frenъski-15, grъčki-13)
nsubj(treti-16, nemъski-17)
conj(nemъski-17, frenъski-15)
nsubj(četverti-18, vlaški-19)
conj(vlaški-19, nemъski-17)zašto
zašto
lemma: zašto 'for' search
Used commonly with the relative meaning of zaštoto. Could be also analyzed as an interrogative pronoun. Sometimes, Paisius (and Punčo) uses it in the consequent meaning ʹthatʹ - like što or če. See čto for etymology.
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→3
tamo
tamo
lemma: tamo 'there' search
Modern BG codifies tam, but older sources use prevalently tamo, which is common in CS texts too. Originally an allative correlant of tu, it seems to have replaced it in a static locative function too (e.g. sьtvori tamo čjudesa ʹhe did there miraclesʹ here).
suffixes: allative -amo
tag: R
form: adverb
element 2
dependency: advmod→3
rá_zméša
razmeša
lemma: razmesja 'mix' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: distributive raz-
tag: Vmia3se
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
element 3
dependency: root→0
gd͒ь
gdъ
lemma: Gospod 'Lord' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Endings commonly used by Punčo (gda, gdu) are typical of o-stems. OCS Gospodь was originally an i-stem, what is still reflected on the vocative g-di (cf. Lunt 2001:75). Older sg.gen gospodně (often abbreviated gdně) indicate influence of n-stems like dьnь. These are handled as a sg.gen soft-stem possessive adjectives (lemma Gospoden).
inflection: irregular
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 4
dependency: nsubj→3
ʾjázíci+
jazici
lemma: ezik 'language, tongue' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS ęzykъ also ʹnationʹ, pl. ęzyci ʹheathensʹ
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmpnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 5
dependency: obj→3
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 6
dependency: det:p_nom→5
svéki
sveki
lemma: sveki 'every' search
A dialectal variant of vsěki.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 7
dependency: nsubj→10
drúgakь
drugakъ
lemma: drugak 'otherwise' search
suffixes: manner -ak-
tag: R
form: adverb
element 8
dependency: advmod→10
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 9
dependency: mark→10
govórit
govorit
lemma: govorja 'talk, discuss' search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 10
dependency: advcl→3
ední
edni
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 11
dependency: nsubj→12
edni grьčki is written with a red pen
grьčki
grъčki
lemma: grъcki 'of Greeks' search
CS grъčьskъ
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 12
dependency: appos→10
drugi
drugi
lemma: drug 'other' SJS search
According to SJS, the hard-stem adjectival declension is common in OCS sources too, save for Sav.k., where pronominal forms like drugomu appear.
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 13
dependency: nsubj→14
fren͛ski
frenъski
lemma: frenski 'French' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: R
form: adverb
element 14
dependency: conj→12
treti
treti
lemma: treti 'third' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 15
dependency: nsubj→16
nem͛ski
nemъski
lemma: nemski 'German' search
Also includes variants like němьčьskyi (CS), nemъcki, nemečki (Paisius) etc.
inflection: hard adjectival
prefixes: negative ne-
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: R
form: adverb
element 16
dependency: conj→14
četverti
četverti
lemma: četvъrti 'fourth' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: ordinal -t-, demonstrative -j-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 17
dependency: nsubj→18
vláški
vlaški
lemma: vlaški 'Wallachian' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: R
form: adverb
element 18
dependency: conj→16