chapter view
sentence 126
ʾá+ lemma: a 'and, but'
form: conjunction
ʾjá+ lemma: ja 'I'
form: 1sg.nom
štemь lemma: šta 'want'
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
pušti lemma: pustja 'let'
form: infinitive (pf)
sl͂nce+ lemma: slъnce 'sun'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
moe lemma: moi 'my'
form: n.sg.nom/acc.pron
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
slugúva lemma: sluguvam 'serve'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
tébe lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.gen/acc (long)
ʾá+ lemma: a 'and, but'
form: conjunction
nego lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (long)
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
raspáli lemma: razpalja 'ignite'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
ʺand I will let my sun to serve you and to burn himʺ
*z* lemma: 7 ''
form: alphabetic number
puti lemma: pъt '(marker of repetition)'
form: m.pl.nom
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
góri lemma: gorja 'burn'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
katò lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
ʾógnь lemma: ogъn 'fire'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
ʺmay he burn 7 times as fireʺ
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
mu lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.dat
ʾizgorì lemma: izgorja 'burn'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
goré+ lemma: gora 'forest'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
plá_niné+ lemma: planina 'mountains'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
ʺand may his forests and mountains burnʺ
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
zemljá+ lemma: zemlja 'land, earth'
form: f.sg.nom
ta+ lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.sg.nom
mu lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.dat
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
izgorì lemma: izgorja 'burn'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
*n* lemma: 50 ''
form: alphabetic number
la_kti lemma: lakъt 'elbow'
form: m.pl.nom
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
dlьbínь lemma: dъlbina 'depth'
form: f.pl.gen
ʺand may his earth burns 50 elbows deepʺ
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
presúši lemma: presuša 'dry through'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
moré+ lemma: more 'sea'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
*v* lemma: 2 ''
form: alphabetic number
[2] lemma: 2 ''
form: digit
Arabic numeral added by a later hand
léta lemma: lěto 'summer, year'
form: n.pl.nom/acc
.:. lemma: .:. ''
form: residual
ʺand may the sea dry up for two yearsʺ
total elements: 48
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ROOT a ja štemъ pušti slnce to moe da sluguva tebe a nego da raspali *z* puti da gori kato ognъ i da mu izgori gore to i planine to i zemlja ta mu da izgori *n* lakti na dlъbinъ i da presuši more to *v* 2 leta .:.
cc(a-2, pušti-5)
nsubj(ja-3, pušti-5)
aux:fut(štemъ-4, pušti-5)
root(pušti-5, ROOT)
obj(slnce-6, pušti-5)
det:p_nom(to-7, slnce-6)
amod:poss(moe-8, slnce-6)
mark(da-9, sluguva-10)
advcl(sluguva-10, pušti-5)
obl:iobj(tebe-11, sluguva-10)
cc(a-12, raspali-15)
obj(nego-13, raspali-15)
mark(da-14, raspali-15)
conj(raspali-15, sluguva-10)
nummod(*z*-16, puti-17)
obl(puti-17, gori-19)
mark(da-18, gori-19)
conj(gori-19, raspali-15)
mark(kato-20, ognъ-21)
advcl(ognъ-21, gori-19)
cc(i-22, izgori-25)
mark(da-23, izgori-25)
obl:iobj(mu-24, izgori-25)
conj(izgori-25, gori-19)
obj(gore-26, izgori-25)
det:p_nom(to-27, gore-26)
cc(i-28, planine-29)
conj(planine-29, gore-26)
det:p_nom(to-30, planine-29)
cc(i-31, izgori-36)
obj(zemlja-32, izgori-36)
det:p_nom(ta-33, zemlja-32)
nmod:poss(mu-34, zemlja-32)
mark(da-35, izgori-36)
conj(izgori-36, izgori-25)
nummod(*n*-37, lakti-38)
obl(lakti-38, izgori-36)
case(na-39, dlъbinъ-40)
obl(dlъbinъ-40, izgori-36)
cc(i-41, presuši-43)
mark(da-42, presuši-43)
conj(presuši-43, izgori-36)
obj(more-44, presuši-43)
det:p_nom(to-45, more-44)
nummod(*v*-46, leta-48)
appos(2-47, *v*-46)
obl(leta-48, presuši-43)
punct(.:.-49, leta-48)ʾá+
a
lemma: a 'and, but' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→4
ʾjá+
ja
lemma: ja 'I' search
A dialectal variant of az.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp1-sn
form: 1sg.nom
element 2
dependency: nsubj→4
štemь
štemъ
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip1si
form: 1sg.prs (ipf)
element 3
dependency: aux:fut→4
pušti
pušti
lemma: pustja 'let' SJS LOVe search
Punčo uses the form puštim for 1sg.prs
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmn---e
form: infinitive (pf)
element 4
dependency: root→0
sl͂nce+
slnce
lemma: slъnce 'sun' search
inflection: nt-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -ce
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 5
dependency: obj→4
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: det:p_nom→5
moe
moe
lemma: moi 'my' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Ansny
form: n.sg.nom/acc.pron
element 7
dependency: amod:poss→5
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: mark→9
slugúva
sluguva
lemma: sluguvam 'serve' LOVe search
inflection: a-verb
suffixes: iterative -ova-
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 9
dependency: advcl→4
tébe
tebe
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sg
form: 2sg.gen/acc (long)
element 10
dependency: obl:iobj→9
ʾá+
a
lemma: a 'and, but' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 11
dependency: cc→14
nego
nego
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msg
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (long)
element 12
dependency: obj→14
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 13
dependency: mark→14
raspáli
raspali
lemma: razpalja 'ignite' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: distributive raz-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 14
dependency: conj→9
*z*
*z*
tag: Mc
form: alphabetic number
element 15
dependency: nummod→16
puti
puti
lemma: pъt '(marker of repetition)' search
Lemma used for phrases like tri pъti ʹthree timesʹ; different from pǫt ʹwayʹ.
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nmpnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 16
dependency: obl→18
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 17
dependency: mark→18
góri
gori
lemma: gorja 'burn' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 18
dependency: conj→14
katò
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 19
dependency: mark→20
ʾógnь
ognъ
lemma: ogъn 'fire' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: jo-stem noun
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 20
dependency: advcl→18
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 21
dependency: cc→24
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 22
dependency: mark→24
mu
mu
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msd
form: m.3sg.dat
element 23
dependency: obl:iobj→24
ʾizgorì
izgori
lemma: izgorja 'burn' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 24
dependency: conj→18
goré+
gore
lemma: gora 'forest' search
CS gora also ʹmountainʹ
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 25
dependency: obj→24
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 26
dependency: det:p_nom→25
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 27
dependency: cc→28
plá_niné+
planine
lemma: planina 'mountains' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ina
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 28
dependency: conj→25
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 29
dependency: det:p_nom→28
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 30
dependency: cc→35
zemljá+
zemlja
lemma: zemlja 'land, earth' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS variant of BG zemja. Used if the epenthetic /l/ is written (as preferred by Punčo).
inflection: jā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 31
dependency: obj→35
ta+
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 32
dependency: det:p_nom→31
mu
mu
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msd
form: m.3sg.dat
element 33
dependency: nmod:poss→31
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 34
dependency: mark→35
izgorì
izgori
lemma: izgorja 'burn' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 35
dependency: conj→24
*n*
*n*
tag: Mc
form: alphabetic number
element 36
dependency: nummod→37
la_kti
lakti
lemma: lakъt 'elbow' search
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nmpnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 37
dependency: obl→35
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 38
dependency: case→39
dlьbínь
dlъbinъ
lemma: dъlbina 'depth' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ina
tag: Nfpgn
form: f.pl.gen
element 39
dependency: obl→35
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 40
dependency: cc→42
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 41
dependency: mark→42
presúši
presuši
lemma: presuša 'dry through' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: perlative prě-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 42
dependency: conj→35
moré+
more
lemma: more 'sea' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 43
dependency: obj→42
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 44
dependency: det:p_nom→43
*v*
*v*
tag: Mc
form: alphabetic number
element 45
dependency: nummod→47
[2]
2
tag: Md
form: digit
element 46
dependency: appos→45
Arabic numeral added by a later hand
léta
leta
lemma: lěto 'summer, year' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nnpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 47
dependency: obl→42
.:.
.:.
tag: X
form: residual
element 48
dependency: punct→47