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sentence 125
ʾá_vráme lemma: Avraam 'Abraham'
form: m.sg.voc
gd͒ь lemma: Gospod 'Lord'
form: m.sg.nom
šte lemma: šta 'want'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
tì lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.dat
umnóži lemma: umnoža 'become many'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
semé+ lemma: seme 'seed'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
ʾi lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
róda lemma: rod 'kin'
form: m.sg.gen
tvóego lemma: tvoi 'your'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
ʺAbraham, God shall multiply your seed and your kinʺ
káto lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
źvézdi lemma: zvezda 'star'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
nebésnie lemma: nebesen 'of heaven, sky'
form: f.sg.nom.pron
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
kato lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
pésokь lemma: pěsъk 'sand'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
mor͛ski lemma: morski 'of sea'
form: m.sg.nom
ʺas the stars of the sky and as the sand of the seaʺ
total elements: 18
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ROOT avrame gdъ šte da ti umnoži seme to i roda tvoego kato źvezdi nebesnie i kato pesokъ morъski
vocative(avrame-2, umnoži-7)
nsubj(gdъ-3, umnoži-7)
aux:fut(šte-4, umnoži-7)
fixed:inf(da-5, šte-4)
obl:iobj(ti-6, umnoži-7)
root(umnoži-7, ROOT)
obj(seme-8, umnoži-7)
det:p_nom(to-9, seme-8)
cc(i-10, roda-11)
conj(roda-11, seme-8)
amod:poss(tvoego-12, roda-11)
mark(kato-13, źvezdi-14)
advcl(źvezdi-14, umnoži-7)
amod(nebesnie-15, źvezdi-14)
cc(i-16, pesokъ-18)
mark(kato-17, pesokъ-18)
conj(pesokъ-18, źvezdi-14)
amod(morъski-19, pesokъ-18)ʾá_vráme
avrame
lemma: Avraam 'Abraham' search
Punčo does not seem to distinguish the patriarchʹs original name and the one given to him by God after the birth of Ishmael (Gen 17:5), writing forms like avramь ʹAbramʹ and avraamь ʹAbrahamʹ freely.
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 1
dependency: vocative→6
gd͒ь
gdъ
lemma: Gospod 'Lord' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Endings commonly used by Punčo (gda, gdu) are typical of o-stems. OCS Gospodь was originally an i-stem, what is still reflected on the vocative g-di (cf. Lunt 2001:75). Older sg.gen gospodně (often abbreviated gdně) indicate influence of n-stems like dьnь. These are handled as a sg.gen soft-stem possessive adjectives (lemma Gospoden).
inflection: irregular
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 2
dependency: nsubj→6
šte
šte
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 3
dependency: aux:fut→6
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 4
dependency: fixed:inf→3
tì
ti
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sd
form: 2sg.dat
element 5
dependency: obl:iobj→6
umnóži
umnoži
lemma: umnoža 'become many' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: allative u-
suffixes: causative -i-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 6
dependency: root→0
semé+
seme
lemma: seme 'seed' SJS search
CS sěmę
inflection: n-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 7
dependency: obj→6
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: det:p_nom→7
ʾi
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 9
dependency: cc→10
róda
roda
lemma: rod 'kin' SJS LOVe search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
suffixes: verbal noun -ъ
tag: Nmsgn
form: m.sg.gen
element 10
dependency: conj→7
tvóego
tvoego
lemma: tvoi 'your' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Amsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
element 11
dependency: amod:poss→10
káto
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 12
dependency: mark→13
źvézdi
źvezdi
lemma: zvezda 'star' search
CS źvězda
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpnn
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 13
dependency: advcl→6
nebésnie
nebesnie
lemma: nebesen 'of heaven, sky' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьn-
tag: Afsny
form: f.sg.nom.pron
element 14
dependency: amod→13
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 15
dependency: cc→17
kato
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 16
dependency: mark→17
pésokь
pesokъ
lemma: pěsъk 'sand' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 17
dependency: conj→13
mor͛ski
morъski
lemma: morski 'of sea' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 18
dependency: amod→17