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sentence 1135
počtò lemma: počto 'why'
form: conjunction
kamtó lemma: kъmto 'toward'
form: preposition
vràca lemma: Vraca 'Vratsa'
form: f.sg.nom
tólkova lemma: tolkova 'as much'
form: relative
strax lemma: strax 'fear'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
ne+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
ʾímaši lemma: imam 'have'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
wt+ lemma: ot 'from'
form: preposition
karџalı`ì+ lemma: kъrdžali 'kirdzhali'
form: m.pl.nom
te. lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
for you donʹt have so much fear from Kirdzhalis towards Vratsa.
total elements: 10
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ROOT počto kamto vraca tolkova strax ne imaši ot karџalii te
cc(počto-2, imaši-8)
case(kamto-3, vraca-4)
obl(vraca-4, imaši-8)
amod:det(tolkova-5, strax-6)
obj(strax-6, imaši-8)
advmod(ne-7, imaši-8)
root(imaši-8, ROOT)
case(ot-9, karџalii-10)
obl(karџalii-10, imaši-8)
det:p_nom(te-11, karџalii-10)počtò
počto
lemma: počto 'why' search
CS. Its construction (po+čьto lit. ʹfor whatʹ) is identic in sense to later BG zašto.
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→7
kamtó
kamto
lemma: kъmto 'toward' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: Sd
form: preposition
element 2
dependency: case→3
vràca
vraca
lemma: Vraca 'Vratsa' search
inflection: jā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 3
dependency: obl→7
tólkova
tolkova
lemma: tolkova 'as much' search
Punčo rarely uses case-marked forms like tolkovu and tolkovь.
suffixes: count -lik-, demonstrative -va
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 4
dependency: amod:det→5
strax
strax
lemma: strax 'fear' SJS LOVe search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
suffixes: abstract -xъ
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 5
dependency: obj→7
ne+
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 6
dependency: advmod→7
ʾímaši
imaši
lemma: imam 'have' SJS LOVe search
CS iměti (irregular ě-/a-verb: 1sg.prs imamь, 2sg imaši) or imati (an a-/je-verb: 1sg.prs emljǫ, 2sg emlješi, SJS - link). Punčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь.
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 7
dependency: root→0
wt+
ot
lemma: ot 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS otъ
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 8
dependency: case→9
karџalı`ì+
karџalii
lemma: kъrdžali 'kirdzhali' search
Term kırcalı is used for armed bands of deserters and other brigands, forming in Thrace after the defeats in late 18th c. wars. Both the BAN (III 200) dictionary and Dylevsky & Robinson conclude the etymology unclear. First mentioned in documents from 1785 around Haskovo.
inflection: new i-stem noun
suffixes: tr. agent -li-
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 9
dependency: obl→7
te.
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 10
dependency: det:p_nom→9