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sentence 20
kakto lemma: kakto 'how'
form: relative
šte lemma: šta 'want'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
nespręženoe šte
čuete lemma: čuja 'hear'
form: 2pl.prs (ipf)
sega lemma: sega 'now'
form: adverb
otъ lemma: ot 'from'
form: preposition
neĭna+ lemma: nein 'her'
form: f.sg.nom
ta lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.sg.nom
istorïa. lemma: istorija 'history, chronicle'
form: f.sg.nom
as you will hear in this story
total elements: 8
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ROOT kakto šte čuete sega otъ neina ta istoria
advmod(kakto-2, čuete-4)
aux:fut(šte-3, čuete-4)
root(čuete-4, ROOT)
advmod(sega-5, čuete-4)
case(otъ-6, istoria-9)
amod:poss(neina-7, istoria-9)
det:p_adj(ta-8, neina-7)
obl:abl(istoria-9, čuete-4)kakto
kakto
lemma: kakto 'how' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 1
dependency: advmod→3
šte
šte
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 2
dependency: aux:fut→3
nespręženoe šte
čuete
čuete
lemma: čuja 'hear' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
CS čuti has a more general meaning ʹperceive, feelʹ and also ʹunderstandʹ.
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vmip2pi
form: 2pl.prs (ipf)
element 3
dependency: root→0
sega
sega
lemma: sega 'now' search
tag: R
form: adverb
element 4
dependency: advmod→3
otъ
otъ
lemma: ot 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS otъ
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 5
dependency: case→8
neĭna+
neina
lemma: nein 'her' search
Punčo uses commonly the forms noin and noen.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -in-
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: amod:poss→8
ta
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: det:p_adj→6
istorïa.
istoria
lemma: istorija 'history, chronicle' search
inflection: jā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: obl:abl→3