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sentence 220
I+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
vъ+ lemma: v 'in'
form: preposition
tovà lemma: tova 'that'
form: n.sg.nom
vrě´me, lemma: vreme 'time, weather'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
blgočь´stivyʺ lemma: blagočestiv 'honorable'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
cárь lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
trь´nov'_skyʺ lemma: tъrnovski 'of Tarnovo'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
ıwánnь lemma: Ioan 'John'
form: m.sg.nom
asě´nju. lemma: Asěn 'Asen'
form: m.sg.dat
okončanie -u estь izъ datělnogo samostojęštego ostaveno, cf. Vuković 1536: Vъ tože vrěme blgočьstie světlě i javljeně krěpcě udrьžavšu blgočьstivomu cru blьgarskomu Ioannu Asěnju, snu starago cra Asěnja, i nikakože těxь lajanii užasьšu se, nьi pače vrěme blgopolučno obrětь na nečьstivyxъ odrьžanie.
snь lemma: sin 'son'
form: m.sg.nom
stárimu lemma: star 'old'
form: m.sg.dat.pron
blь´gar'skymu lemma: bъlgarski 'of Bulgaria'
form: m.sg.dat.pron
cáru lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.dat
asě´nju. lemma: Asěn 'Asen'
form: m.sg.dat
krě´p'ko lemma: krepko 'staunchly'
form: adverb
drьžáše lemma: dъrža 'hold'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
togázi lemma: togazi 'then'
form: relative
cárstvo. lemma: carstvo 'kingdom'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
and in that time John Asen, the honorable King of Tarnovo, son of the old Bulgarian King Asen, held his kingdom fast
total elements: 18
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ROOT i vъ tova vrěme blgočъstivi carъ trъnovski ioannъ asěnju snъ starimu blъgarskimu caru asěnju krěpko drъžaše togazi carstvo
cc(i-2, drъžaše-17)
case(vъ-3, vrěme-5)
det(tova-4, vrěme-5)
obl:loc(vrěme-5, drъžaše-17)
amod(blgočъstivi-6, carъ-7)
nsubj(carъ-7, drъžaše-17)
amod(trъnovski-8, carъ-7)
appos(ioannъ-9, carъ-7)
appos(asěnju-10, ioannъ-9)
appos(snъ-11, ioannъ-9)
amod(starimu-12, caru-14)
amod(blъgarskimu-13, caru-14)
nmod:poss(caru-14, snъ-11)
appos(asěnju-15, caru-14)
advmod(krěpko-16, drъžaše-17)
root(drъžaše-17, ROOT)
advmod(togazi-18, drъžaše-17)
obj(carstvo-19, drъžaše-17)I+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→16
vъ+
vъ
lemma: v 'in' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: with loc or acc
tag: Sl
form: preposition
element 2
dependency: case→4
tovà
tova
lemma: tova 'that' search
The basic form reflects n.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers m.sg oblique forms togova (Pd-msg) and tomuva (Pd-msd).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -va
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 3
dependency: det→4
vrě´me,
vrěme
lemma: vreme 'time, weather' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS vrěmę
inflection: n-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 4
dependency: obl:loc→16
blgočь´stivyʺ
blgočъstivi
lemma: blagočestiv 'honorable' search
inflection: hard adjectival
prefixes: benefactive blago-
suffixes: relational -iv-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 5
dependency: amod→6
cárь
carъ
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: nsubj→16
trь´nov'_skyʺ
trъnovski
lemma: tъrnovski 'of Tarnovo' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-, relational -ьsk-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 7
dependency: amod→6
ıwánnь
ioannъ
lemma: Ioan 'John' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: appos→6
asě´nju.
asěnju
lemma: Asěn 'Asen' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsdy
form: m.sg.dat
element 9
dependency: appos→8
okončanie -u estь izъ datělnogo samostojęštego ostaveno, cf. Vuković 1536: Vъ tože vrěme blgočьstie světlě i javljeně krěpcě udrьžavšu blgočьstivomu cru blьgarskomu Ioannu Asěnju, snu starago cra Asěnja, i nikakože těxь lajanii užasьšu se, nьi pače vrěme blgopolučno obrětь na nečьstivyxъ odrьžanie.
snь
snъ
lemma: sin 'son' SJS search
CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 10
dependency: appos→8
stárimu
starimu
lemma: star 'old' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsdy
form: m.sg.dat.pron
element 11
dependency: amod→13
blь´gar'skymu
blъgarskimu
lemma: bъlgarski 'of Bulgaria' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: Amsdy
form: m.sg.dat.pron
element 12
dependency: amod→13
cáru
caru
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsdy
form: m.sg.dat
element 13
dependency: nmod:poss→10
asě´nju.
asěnju
lemma: Asěn 'Asen' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsdy
form: m.sg.dat
element 14
dependency: appos→13
krě´p'ko
krěpko
lemma: krepko 'staunchly' search
suffixes: positive -k-, n.sg.nom/acc -o
tag: R
form: adverb
element 15
dependency: advmod→16
drьžáše
drъžaše
lemma: dъrža 'hold' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 16
dependency: root→0
togázi
togazi
lemma: togazi 'then' search
suffixes: demonstrative -zi
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 17
dependency: advmod→16
cárstvo.
carstvo
lemma: carstvo 'kingdom' search
inflection: o-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ьstvo
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 18
dependency: obj→16