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sentence 435
I lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
kai ekei eide mikron ѯylon katō esi tēn gēn rhimmenon
támъ lemma: tamo 'there'
form: adverb
vídě lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
málko lemma: malko 'very little'
form: adverb
drъvo, lemma: dъrvo 'wood, tree'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
dolu lemma: dolu 'downward'
form: adverb
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
zemę´+ lemma: zemja 'land, earth'
form: f.sg.nom
ta lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.sg.nom
farlinu, lemma: fъrlja 'throw'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
alt.analysis: ptcp.aor.pass (pf)
and he saw there a small piece of wood thrown on the ground
total elements: 10
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ROOT I tamъ vidě malko drъvo dolu na zemę ta farlinu
cc(I-2, vidě-4)
advmod(tamъ-3, vidě-4)
root(vidě-4, ROOT)
amod(malko-5, drъvo-6)
obj(drъvo-6, vidě-4)
advmod(dolu-7, farlinu-11)
case(na-8, zemę-9)
obl:loc(zemę-9, farlinu-11)
det:p_nom(ta-10, zemę-9)
acl(farlinu-11, drъvo-6)I
I
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→3
kai ekei eide mikron ѯylon katō esi tēn gēn rhimmenon
támъ
tamъ
lemma: tamo 'there' search
Modern BG codifies tam, but older sources use prevalently tamo, which is common in CS texts too. Originally an allative correlant of tu, it seems to have replaced it in a static locative function too (e.g. sьtvori tamo čjudesa ʹhe did there miraclesʹ here).
suffixes: allative -amo
tag: R
form: adverb
element 2
dependency: advmod→3
vídě
vidě
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmia3si
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
element 3
dependency: root→0
málko
malko
lemma: malko 'very little' search
tag: R
form: adverb
element 4
dependency: amod→5
drъvo,
drъvo
lemma: dъrvo 'wood, tree' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS drěvo (inflected as o- or s-stem) or plurale tantum drъva
inflection: nt-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 5
dependency: obj→3
dolu
dolu
lemma: dolu 'downward' search
suffixes: n.sg.dat -u
tag: R
form: adverb
element 6
dependency: advmod→10
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sl
form: preposition
element 7
dependency: case→8
zemę´+
zemę
lemma: zemja 'land, earth' search
inflection: jā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: obl:loc→10
ta
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 9
dependency: det:p_nom→8
farlinu,
farlinu
lemma: fъrlja 'throw' search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Ansnn or Vmpa-se
form: n.sg.nom/acc or ptcp.aor.pass (pf)
element 10
dependency: acl→5