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sentence 47
i lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
cato+ lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
go lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
goneha lemma: gonja 'chase'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (ipf)
jednasc lemma: vednъž 'once'
form: adverb
negovi+ lemma: negov 'his'
form: m.pl.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
duscmane lemma: dušmanin 'enemy'
form: m.pl.nom
[Title] and once, as his enemies chased him
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
go lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
ubiat, lemma: ubija 'murder, kill'
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
to kill him
izlezoha lemma: izlěza 'go out'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
Martvi+ lemma: mъrtъv 'dead'
form: m.pl.nom
te, lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
the dead came out (of the graves)
total elements: 14
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ROOT i kato go gonexa jednaš negovi te dušmane da go ubiat izlezoxa Martvi te
cc(i-2, izlezoxa-13)
mark(kato-3, gonexa-5)
obj(go-4, gonexa-5)
advcl(gonexa-5, izlezoxa-13)
advmod(jednaš-6, gonexa-5)
amod:poss(negovi-7, dušmane-9)
det:p_adj(te-8, negovi-7)
nsubj(dušmane-9, gonexa-5)
mark(da-10, ubiat-12)
obj(go-11, da-10)
advcl(ubiat-12, gonexa-5)
root(izlezoxa-13, ROOT)
nsubj(Martvi-14, izlezoxa-13)
det(te-15, Martvi-14)i
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→12
cato+
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 2
dependency: mark→4
go
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 3
dependency: obj→4
goneha
gonexa
lemma: gonja 'chase' SJS LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: causative -ei-
tag: Vmii3pi
form: 3pl.aor/impf (ipf)
element 4
dependency: advcl→12
jednasc
jednaš
lemma: vednъž 'once' search
BAN (I 127) gives a 15th-c. form jedinǫšt, analyzing it as sg.acc edinǫ + ptcp.aor.act šьd- lit. ʹ(in) one goingʹ.
suffixes: iterative -šьdi
tag: R
form: adverb
element 5
dependency: advmod→4
negovi+
negovi
lemma: negov 'his' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 6
dependency: amod:poss→8
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 7
dependency: det:p_adj→6
duscmane
dušmane
lemma: dušmanin 'enemy' search
Carski: duscmanin (but Mauricio: Duscman ʹnemicoʹ) < tr. düşman ʹenemyʹ
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 8
dependency: nsubj→4
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 9
dependency: mark→11
go
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 10
dependency: obj→9
ubiat,
ubiat
lemma: ubija 'murder, kill' SJS LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: allative u-
tag: Vmip3pe
form: 3pl.prs (pf)
element 11
dependency: advcl→4
izlezoha
izlezoxa
lemma: izlěza 'go out' LOVe search
CS izlaziti, BG izlizam
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
tag: Vmii3pe
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
element 12
dependency: root→0
Martvi+
Martvi
lemma: mъrtъv 'dead' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 13
dependency: nsubj→12
te,
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 14
dependency: det→13