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sentence 246
Cato lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
besce lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
Sveti lemma: svęt 'saint'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
Antun lemma: Anton 'Anthony'
form: m.sg.nom
na lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
Grada+ lemma: grad 'city'
form: m.sg.gen
alt.analysis: m.sg.def
t lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.sg.nom
Ferrara, lemma: Ferara 'Ferrara'
form: f.sg.nom
As St Anthony was in the city of Ferrara
imasce lemma: imam 'have'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
tuca lemma: tuka 'here'
form: adverb
jedin lemma: edin 'one'
form: m.sg.nom
golem lemma: golěm 'big'
form: m.sg.nom
cilek, lemma: čilěk 'human'
form: m.sg.nom
there was a nobleman (ʺgreat manʺ) there
deto, lemma: deto 'which'
form: relative
who,
cato lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
vidè lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
Stopaniʒa+ lemma: stopanica 'wife'
form: f.sg.nom
si lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.dat
stanala lemma: stana 'become, stand up'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
alt.analysis: f.sg.nom
trudna lemma: truden 'hard, pregnant'
form: f.sg.nom
as he saw his wife becoming pregnant
zasctoto lemma: zaštoto 'because'
form: conjunction
besce lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
mlada, lemma: mlad 'young'
form: f.sg.nom
i lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
jaco lemma: jako 'very much'
form: adverb
hubava, lemma: xubav 'beautiful'
form: f.sg.nom
because she was young and very pretty
kaskandissa+ lemma: kъskandisvam 'be jealous'
form: 2/3sg.aor
ja, lemma: tja 'she'
form: f.3sg.acc (short)
was jealous of her
total elements: 28
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ROOT kato beše Sveti Antun na Grada t Ferrara imaše tuka jedin golem čilek deto kato vide Stopanica si stanala trudna zaštoto beše mlada i jako xubava kaskandissa ja
mark(kato-2, beše-3)
advcl(beše-3, imaše-10)
amod(Sveti-4, Antun-5)
nsubj(Antun-5, beše-3)
case(na-6, Grada-7)
obl:loc(Grada-7, beše-3)
det:p_nom(t-8, Grada-7)
appos(Ferrara-9, Grada-7)
root(imaše-10, ROOT)
advmod(tuka-11, imaše-10)
det(jedin-12, čilek-14)
amod(golem-13, čilek-14)
obj(čilek-14, imaše-10)
mark(deto-15, kaskandissa-28)
mark(kato-16, vide-17)
advcl(vide-17, kaskandissa-28)
obj(Stopanica-18, vide-17)
nmod:poss(si-19, Stopanica-18)
acl(stanala-20, Stopanica-18)
obl:pred(trudna-21, stanala-20)
mark(zaštoto-22, mlada-24)
cop(beše-23, mlada-24)
advcl(mlada-24, vide-17)
cc(i-25, xubava-27)
amod(jako-26, xubava-27)
conj(xubava-27, mlada-24)
acl(kaskandissa-28, čilek-14)
obj(ja-29, kaskandissa-28)Cato
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: mark→2
besce
beše
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 2
dependency: advcl→9
Sveti
Sveti
lemma: svęt 'saint' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 3
dependency: amod→4
Antun
Antun
lemma: Anton 'Anthony' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 4
dependency: nsubj→2
na
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sl
form: preposition
element 5
dependency: case→6
Grada+
Grada
lemma: grad 'city' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsgn or Nmson
form: m.sg.gen or m.sg.def
element 6
dependency: obl:loc→2
t
t
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-msn
form: m.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: det:p_nom→6
Ferrara,
Ferrara
lemma: Ferara 'Ferrara' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: appos→6
imasce
imaše
lemma: imam 'have' SJS LOVe search
CS iměti (irregular ě-/a-verb: 1sg.prs imamь, 2sg imaši) or imati (an a-/je-verb: 1sg.prs emljǫ, 2sg emlješi, SJS - link). Punčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь.
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 9
dependency: root→0
tuca
tuka
lemma: tuka 'here' search
suffixes: n.sg.dat -u, emphatic -ka
tag: R
form: adverb
element 10
dependency: advmod→9
jedin
jedin
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 11
dependency: det→13
golem
golem
lemma: golěm 'big' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 12
dependency: amod→13
cilek,
čilek
lemma: čilěk 'human' search
A dialectal variant of čovek, človek etc. Used commonly by Carski (Mauricio: Cilek ʹuomoʹ).
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 13
dependency: obj→9
deto,
deto
lemma: deto 'which' search
A common relative pronoun based on kъde-to ʹwhereʹ.
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 14
dependency: mark→27
cato
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 15
dependency: mark→16
vidè
vide
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmia3si
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
element 16
dependency: advcl→27
Stopaniʒa+
Stopanica
lemma: stopanica 'wife' search
inflection: jā-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -ica
tag: Nfsny
form: f.sg.nom
element 17
dependency: obj→16
si
si
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---d
form: refl.dat
element 18
dependency: nmod:poss→17
stanala
stanala
lemma: stana 'become, stand up' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
CS stati, 1sg.prs stanǫ, 2sg staneši
inflection: e-verb
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmp--se or Afsnn
form: l-ptcp (pf) or f.sg.nom
element 19
dependency: acl→17
trudna
trudna
lemma: truden 'hard, pregnant' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьn-
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 20
dependency: obl:pred→19
zasctoto
zaštoto
lemma: zaštoto 'because' search
The second -to is, of course, younger.
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 21
dependency: mark→23
besce
beše
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 22
dependency: cop→23
mlada,
mlada
lemma: mlad 'young' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 23
dependency: advcl→16
i
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 24
dependency: cc→26
jaco
jako
lemma: jako 'very much' search
tag: R
form: adverb
element 25
dependency: amod→26
hubava,
xubava
lemma: xubav 'beautiful' search
wiktionary: < per. xūb ʹgoodʹ
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -av-
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 26
dependency: conj→23
kaskandissa+
kaskandissa
lemma: kъskandisvam 'be jealous' search
Carski: 3sg.prs ze da ja kaskandissova. BAN III 231: kъskandisvam ʹzaviždam, revnuvamʹ < tr. aor. kıskandı
inflection: a-verb
suffixes: TR verb -is-, iterative -va-
tag: Vmia3s
form: 2/3sg.aor
element 27
dependency: acl→13
ja,
ja
lemma: tja 'she' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for f3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: neja Pp3fsg, nei or i Pp3fsd, ja or ju Pp3fsa
Punčo prefers ona as the f.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp3fsa
form: f.3sg.acc (short)
element 28
dependency: obj→27