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sentence 237
i+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
tám lemma: tam 'there'
form: adverb
štotò lemma: štoto 'which'
form: relative
dъr'žáxa lemma: dъrža 'hold'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (ipf)
gradó+ lemma: grad 'city'
form: m.sg.def
tь lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.sg.nom
frén'ci+ lemma: frenci 'French'
form: m.pl.nom
te, lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
ostávi+ lemma: ostavja 'leave'
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
gĭ lemma: tě 'they'
form: 3pl.gen/acc (short)
pod' lemma: pod 'under'
form: preposition
dánъ lemma: dan 'tax'
form: f.sg.nom
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
dávatъ lemma: davam 'give'
form: 3pl.prs (ipf)
bírъ. lemma: bir 'tax'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
and he put the Franks, who held the city, under tax to give him his due
total elements: 15
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ROOT i tam štoto dъržaxa grado tъ frenci te ostavi gi pod danъ da davatъ birъ
cc(i-2, ostavi-10)
advmod(tam-3, ostavi-10)
mark(štoto-4, dъržaxa-5)
advcl(dъržaxa-5, ostavi-10)
obj(grado-6, dъržaxa-5)
det:p_nom(tъ-7, grado-6)
nsubj(frenci-8, dъržaxa-5)
det:p_nom(te-9, frenci-8)
root(ostavi-10, ROOT)
obj(gi-11, ostavi-10)
case(pod-12, danъ-13)
obl(danъ-13, ostavi-10)
mark(da-14, davatъ-15)
advcl(davatъ-15, ostavi-10)
obj(birъ-16, davatъ-15)i+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→9
tám
tam
lemma: tam 'there' search
Used if final -o is not present.
suffixes: allative -amo
tag: R
form: adverb
element 2
dependency: advmod→9
štotò
štoto
lemma: štoto 'which' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: Pr
form: relative
element 3
dependency: mark→4
dъr'žáxa
dъržaxa
lemma: dъrža 'hold' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmii3pi
form: 3pl.aor/impf (ipf)
element 4
dependency: advcl→9
gradó+
grado
lemma: grad 'city' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmson
form: m.sg.def
element 5
dependency: obj→4
tь
tъ
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-msn
form: m.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: det:p_nom→5
frén'ci+
frenci
lemma: frenci 'French' search
Attested only in plural (cf. Demina et al. 2012:1073). Actually denotes ʹFranksʹ (CS frǫzi, sg frǫgъ), i.e. crusaders.
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 7
dependency: nsubj→4
te,
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 8
dependency: det:p_nom→7
ostávi+
ostavi
lemma: ostavja 'leave' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Vmia3se
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
element 9
dependency: root→0
gĭ
gi
lemma: tě 'they' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for 3pl personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: těx Pp3-pg, im or mgi Pp3-pd, gi or ix Pp3-pa
Punčo prefers oni as pl.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp3-pa
form: 3pl.gen/acc (short)
element 10
dependency: obj→9
pod'
pod
lemma: pod 'under' search
tag: Si
form: preposition
element 11
dependency: case→12
dánъ
danъ
lemma: dan 'tax' LOVe search
inflection: i-stem noun
suffixes: verbal noun -nь
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 12
dependency: obl→9
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 13
dependency: mark→14
dávatъ
davatъ
lemma: davam 'give' SJS LOVe search
inflection: a-verb
suffixes: iterative -va-
tag: Vmip3pi
form: 3pl.prs (ipf)
element 14
dependency: advcl→9
bírъ.
birъ
lemma: bir 'tax' search
CS
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 15
dependency: obj→14