chapter view
sentence 81
své lemma: sve 'all'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
ʾiskazáxu lemma: izkaža 'tell'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
cr̃u lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.dat
petru lemma: Petъr 'Peter'
form: m.sg.dat
po+ lemma: po 'after, along, according to'
form: preposition
rédu lemma: red 'order, line, times'
form: m.sg.dat
za lemma: za 'for, about'
form: preposition
sví+ lemma: sve 'all'
form: m.sg.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
cr͂ïe lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.pl.nom
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
za lemma: za 'for, about'
form: preposition
sví+ lemma: sve 'all'
form: m.sg.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.pl.nom
véri lemma: věra 'faith, belief'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
And they told to King Peter everything duly about all the kings and all the faiths,
koi lemma: koi 'who'
form: nom
kakvò lemma: kakvo 'what'
form: interrogative
drьžì lemma: dъrža 'hold'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
čistotù lemma: čistota 'purity'
form: f.sg.acc
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
koʾi lemma: koi 'who'
form: nom
ka_kvó lemma: kakvo 'what'
form: interrogative
ʾjádene lemma: jadene 'food'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
ʾede lemma: jam 'eat'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
who and how upholds purity, and who what kind of food eats.
total elements: 24
tree view (.svg)
linear view (Embedded brat):
view .conllu
ROOT sve iskazaxu cru petru po redu za svi te crie i za svi te veri koi kakvo drъži čistotu i koi kakvo jadene ede
advmod(sve-2, iskazaxu-3)
root(iskazaxu-3, ROOT)
obl:iobj(cru-4, iskazaxu-3)
appos(petru-5, cru-4)
case(po-6, redu-7)
obl(redu-7, iskazaxu-3)
case(za-8, crie-11)
amod:det(svi-9, crie-11)
det:p_adj(te-10, svi-9)
obl(crie-11, iskazaxu-3)
cc(i-12, veri-16)
case(za-13, veri-16)
amod:det(svi-14, veri-16)
det:p_adj(te-15, svi-14)
conj(veri-16, crie-11)
mark(koi-17, drъži-19)
mark(kakvo-18, drъži-19)
advcl(drъži-19, iskazaxu-3)
obj(čistotu-20, drъži-19)
cc(i-21, ede-25)
mark(koi-22, ede-25)
amod:mark(kakvo-23, jadene-24)
obj(jadene-24, ede-25)
conj(ede-25, drъži-19)své
sve
lemma: sve 'all' search
A dialectal variant of vse, preferred by Punčo. The n.sg form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N (ʹeverythingʹ) or R (ʹfullyʹ).
inflection: mixed pronominal
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 1
dependency: advmod→2
ʾiskazáxu
iskazaxu
lemma: izkaža 'tell' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
tag: Vmii3pe
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
cr̃u
cru
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsdy
form: m.sg.dat
element 3
dependency: obl:iobj→2
petru
petru
lemma: Petъr 'Peter' search
CS Petrъ, BG Petъr
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsdy
form: m.sg.dat
element 4
dependency: appos→3
po+
po
lemma: po 'after, along, according to' search
tag: Sd
form: preposition
element 5
dependency: case→6
rédu
redu
lemma: red 'order, line, times' search
CS rędъ, o- and u-stem endings are about equally distributed. In other words, form rędu is used in sg.gen (e.g. bezъ rędu), dat (po rędu) and loc (vъ rędu) alike.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsdn
form: m.sg.dat
element 6
dependency: obl→2
za
za
lemma: za 'for, about' search
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 7
dependency: case→10
sví+
svi
lemma: sve 'all' search
A dialectal variant of vse, preferred by Punčo. The n.sg form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N (ʹeverythingʹ) or R (ʹfullyʹ).
inflection: mixed pronominal
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: amod:det→10
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 9
dependency: det:p_adj→8
cr͂ïe
crie
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 10
dependency: obl→2
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 11
dependency: cc→15
za
za
lemma: za 'for, about' search
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 12
dependency: case→15
sví+
svi
lemma: sve 'all' search
A dialectal variant of vse, preferred by Punčo. The n.sg form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N (ʹeverythingʹ) or R (ʹfullyʹ).
inflection: mixed pronominal
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 13
dependency: amod:det→15
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fpn
form: f.pl.nom
element 14
dependency: det:p_adj→13
véri
veri
lemma: věra 'faith, belief' LOVe search
Punčo seems to use it in the meaning ʹnationʹ too, e.g. nadviva na svi+te veri ʹ(Muscovy) is defeating all the faiths/nationsʹ.
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpnn
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 15
dependency: conj→10
koi
koi
lemma: koi 'who' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally, especially in CS, e.g. koeju xitrostiju ʹby what kind of cunningʹ. Pq---g kogo, Pq---d komu etc.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pq---n
form: nom
element 16
dependency: mark→18
kakvò
kakvo
lemma: kakvo 'what' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally.
suffixes: demonstrative -vo
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 17
dependency: mark→18
drьžì
drъži
lemma: dъrža 'hold' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 18
dependency: advcl→2
čistotù
čistotu
lemma: čistota 'purity' LOVe search
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ota
tag: Nfsan
form: f.sg.acc
element 19
dependency: obj→18
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 20
dependency: cc→24
koʾi
koi
lemma: koi 'who' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally, especially in CS, e.g. koeju xitrostiju ʹby what kind of cunningʹ. Pq---g kogo, Pq---d komu etc.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pq---n
form: nom
element 21
dependency: mark→24
ka_kvó
kakvo
lemma: kakvo 'what' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally.
suffixes: demonstrative -vo
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 22
dependency: amod:mark→23
ʾjádene
jadene
lemma: jadene 'food' LOVe search
inflection: o-stem noun
suffixes: verbal noun -nie
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 23
dependency: obj→24
ʾede
ede
lemma: jam 'eat' SJS LOVe search
BG 3sg.prs jade, OCS jastъ. Biaspectual in SJS ("very rarely also pf.").
inflection: athematic
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 24
dependency: conj→18