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sentence 16
noʾjá lemma: Noi 'Noah'
form: m.sg.def
sic
béše lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
ʾwstálь lemma: ostana 'remain'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
alt.analysis: m.sg.nom
ʾi lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
trì lemma: tri 'three'
form: text numeral
sñove lemma: sin 'son'
form: m.pl.nom
negóvi lemma: negov 'his'
form: m.pl.nom
ʾi lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
žení+ lemma: žena 'woman'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.pl.nom
ʾimь lemma: tě 'they'
form: 3pl.dat
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
máti lemma: mati 'mother'
form: f.sg.nom
níx͛na lemma: nixen 'their'
form: f.sg.nom
Noah had remained, and his three sons, and their wives, and their mother.
total elements: 14
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ROOT noja beše ostalъ i tri snove negovi i ženi te imъ i mati nixъna
nsubj(noja-2, ostalъ-4)
aux:pprf(beše-3, ostalъ-4)
root(ostalъ-4, ROOT)
cc(i-5, snove-7)
nummod(tri-6, snove-7)
conj(snove-7, noja-2)
amod:poss(negovi-8, snove-7)
cc(i-9, ženi-10)
conj(ženi-10, snove-7)
det:p_nom(te-11, ženi-10)
nmod:poss(imъ-12, ženi-10)
cc(i-13, mati-14)
conj(mati-14, ženi-10)
amod:poss(nixъna-15, mati-14)noʾjá
noja
lemma: Noi 'Noah' search
Punčo uses two forms in subject positions: Noja, on the model of other new i-stems, and the CS form Noe (tagged Nmsvy). Possessive form noinь (besides noevь ) hints at possible interpretation of the word as an ā-stem.
inflection: new i-stem noun
tag: Nmsoy
form: m.sg.def
element 1
dependency: nsubj→3
sic
béše
beše
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vaii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 2
dependency: aux:pprf→3
ʾwstálь
ostalъ
lemma: ostana 'remain' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Vmp--se or Amsnn
form: l-ptcp (pf) or m.sg.nom
element 3
dependency: root→0
ʾi
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 4
dependency: cc→6
trì
tri
lemma: tri 'three' search
tag: Ml
form: text numeral
element 5
dependency: nummod→6
sñove
snove
lemma: sin 'son' SJS search
CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 6
dependency: conj→1
negóvi
negovi
lemma: negov 'his' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-
tag: Ampnn
form: m.pl.nom
element 7
dependency: amod:poss→6
ʾi
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: cc→9
žení+
ženi
lemma: žena 'woman' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpny
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 9
dependency: conj→6
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fpn
form: f.pl.nom
element 10
dependency: det:p_nom→9
ʾimь
imъ
lemma: tě 'they' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for 3pl personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: těx Pp3-pg, im or mgi Pp3-pd, gi or ix Pp3-pa
Punčo prefers oni as pl.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp3-pd
form: 3pl.dat
element 11
dependency: nmod:poss→9
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 12
dependency: cc→13
máti
mati
lemma: mati 'mother' search
CS
inflection: r-stem noun
tag: Nfsny
form: f.sg.nom
element 13
dependency: conj→9
níx͛na
nixъna
lemma: nixen 'their' search
dialectal variant of těxen (cf. BAN IV 657)
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьn-
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 14
dependency: amod:poss→13