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sentence 195
naučí+ lemma: nauča 'teach, learn'
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
se lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
ge_wrgie lemma: Georgi 'George'
form: m.sg.voc
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
počítaš lemma: počitam 'honor, celebrate'
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
cr̃a lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
ʾá+ lemma: a 'and, but'
form: conjunction
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
gò lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
ne+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
srь´dišь lemma: sъrdja 'be angry'
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
ʺO George, learn to honour the Emperor, and not to anger him!ʺ
total elements: 11
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ROOT nauči se georgie da počitaš cra a da go ne srъdišъ
root(nauči-2, ROOT)
expl(se-3, nauči-2)
vocative(georgie-4, nauči-2)
mark(da-5, počitaš-6)
advcl(počitaš-6, nauči-2)
obj(cra-7, počitaš-6)
cc(a-8, srъdišъ-12)
mark(da-9, srъdišъ-12)
obj(go-10, srъdišъ-12)
advmod(ne-11, srъdišъ-12)
conj(srъdišъ-12, počitaš-6)naučí+
nauči
lemma: nauča 'teach, learn' LOVe search
The two arguments (taught stuff and instructed person) are both handled as direct objects (UD obj) in annotation. CS naučiti has often one argument in acc (person), the other in dat (stuff), e.g. opravьdaniemъ tvoimъ nauči mę ʹteach me thine ordinancesʹ (Ps 118:64).
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: additive na-
tag: Vmm-2se
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
element 1
dependency: root→0
se
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 2
dependency: expl→1
ge_wrgie
georgie
lemma: Georgi 'George' search
Usually written гер̫ги, with a ligature of р and ѡ.
inflection: new i-stem noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 3
dependency: vocative→1
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 4
dependency: mark→5
počítaš
počitaš
lemma: počitam 'honor, celebrate' search
inflection: a-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmip2si
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
element 5
dependency: advcl→1
cr̃a
cra
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 6
dependency: obj→5
ʾá+
a
lemma: a 'and, but' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 7
dependency: cc→11
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: mark→11
gò
go
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msa
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (short)
element 9
dependency: obj→11
ne+
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 10
dependency: advmod→11
srь´dišь
srъdišъ
lemma: sъrdja 'be angry' search
Usually reflexive, but Punčo also uses the transitive construction 3pl.impf srьdexa go ʹthey were angry with himʹ.
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip2si
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
element 11
dependency: conj→5