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sentence 586
cr̃u lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.voc
pokaží+ lemma: pokaža 'show'
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
mi lemma: az 'I'
form: 1sg.dat
ʾer͛molaju lemma: Ermolai 'Hermolaus'
form: m.sg.dat
ʾi lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
družína+ lemma: družina 'band, retinue'
form: f.sg.nom
ta+ lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.sg.nom
mu lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.dat
ʺO Emperor, show me Hermolaus and his company!ʺ
total elements: 8
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ROOT cru pokaži mi erъmolaju i družina ta mu
vocative(cru-2, pokaži-3)
root(pokaži-3, ROOT)
obl:iobj(mi-4, pokaži-3)
obj(erъmolaju-5, pokaži-3)
cc(i-6, družina-7)
conj(družina-7, erъmolaju-5)
det:p_nom(ta-8, družina-7)
nmod:poss(mu-9, družina-7)cr̃u
cru
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 1
dependency: vocative→2
pokaží+
pokaži
lemma: pokaža 'show' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
CS pokazati, 1sg.prs pokažǫ also ʹpunishʹ.
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmm-2se
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
mi
mi
lemma: az 'I' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Annotation uses the following scheme, even if long and short forms can fulfill different syntactic functions: mene Pp1-sg, mi Pp1-sd, me Pp1-sa
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp1-sd
form: 1sg.dat
element 3
dependency: obl:iobj→2
ʾer͛molaju
erъmolaju
lemma: Ermolai 'Hermolaus' search
inflection: new i-stem noun
tag: Nmsdy
form: m.sg.dat
element 4
dependency: obj→2
ʾi
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 5
dependency: cc→6
družína+
družina
lemma: družina 'band, retinue' search
rechnik.chitanka: družina ʹgrupa xora, koito vremenno imat obšto zanimanieʹ. Cf. also Derksen 2008:122.
inflection: jā-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ina
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: conj→4
ta+
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: det:p_nom→6
mu
mu
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msd
form: m.3sg.dat
element 8
dependency: nmod:poss→6