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sentence 37
vráže lemma: vrag 'enemy, devil'
form: m.sg.voc
ʾima+ lemma: imam 'have'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
li lemma: li '(question particle)'
form: interrogative particle
u+ lemma: u 'at'
form: preposition
múka+ lemma: mъka 'torment'
form: f.sg.nom
ta lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.sg.nom
kalú_gere lemma: kaluger 'monk'
form: m.pl.nom
ʺAre there any monks in the Torment?ʺ
total elements: 7
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ROOT vraže ima li u muka ta kalugere
vocative(vraže-2, ima-3)
root(ima-3, ROOT)
advmod(li-4, ima-3)
case(u-5, muka-6)
obl:loc(muka-6, ima-3)
det:p_nom(ta-7, muka-6)
obj(kalugere-8, ima-3)vráže
vraže
lemma: vrag 'enemy, devil' SJS SNSP Miklosich LOVe search
Attested in PPS as an o-stem due to CS influence (chapter 005), but BG vrag is monosyllabic.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 1
dependency: vocative→2
ʾima+
ima
lemma: imam 'have' SJS LOVe search
CS iměti (irregular ě-/a-verb: 1sg.prs imamь, 2sg imaši) or imati (an a-/je-verb: 1sg.prs emljǫ, 2sg emlješi, SJS - link). Punčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь.
inflection: a-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
li
li
lemma: li '(question particle)' search
tag: Qq
form: interrogative particle
element 3
dependency: advmod→2
u+
u
lemma: u 'at' search
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 4
dependency: case→5
múka+
muka
lemma: mъka 'torment' search
CS mǫka, also used by Punčo for ʹhellʹ.
inflection: ā-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -a
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 5
dependency: obl:loc→2
ta
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: det:p_nom→5
kalú_gere
kalugere
lemma: kaluger 'monk' search
wiktionary: ngr. kalogeros ʹmonkʹ
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 7
dependency: obj→2