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sentence 161
noe lemma: Noi 'Noah'
form: m.sg.voc
ʾizleznì lemma: izlězna 'go out'
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
ti lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.nom
iz lemma: iz 'from'
form: preposition
kovčega lemma: kovčeg 'coffin'
form: m.sg.gen
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
ženà lemma: žena 'woman'
form: f.sg.nom
tvoę` lemma: tvoi 'your'
form: f.sg.nom.pron
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
sinove lemma: sin 'son'
form: m.pl.nom
tvóĭ lemma: tvoi 'your'
form: m.pl.nom.pron
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
ženï+ lemma: žena 'woman'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.pl.nom
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
sínove+ lemma: sin 'son'
form: m.pl.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
tvóĭ lemma: tvoi 'your'
form: m.pl.nom.pron
sasь lemma: s 'with'
form: preposition
tébe lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.gen/acc (long)
ʺo Noah, go out from the ark, with your wife, and your sons, and wives of your sonsʺ
total elements: 20
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ROOT noe izlezni ti iz kovčega i žena tvoę i sinove tvoi i ženi te na sinove te tvoi sasъ tebe
vocative(noe-2, izlezni-3)
root(izlezni-3, ROOT)
nsubj(ti-4, izlezni-3)
case(iz-5, kovčega-6)
obl:abl(kovčega-6, izlezni-3)
cc(i-7, žena-8)
conj(žena-8, ti-4)
amod:poss(tvoę-9, žena-8)
cc(i-10, sinove-11)
conj(sinove-11, žena-8)
amod:poss(tvoi-12, sinove-11)
cc(i-13, ženi-14)
conj(ženi-14, sinove-11)
det:p_nom(te-15, ženi-14)
case(na-16, sinove-17)
nmod:poss(sinove-17, ženi-14)
det:p_nom(te-18, sinove-17)
amod:poss(tvoi-19, sinove-17)
case(sasъ-20, tebe-21)
nmod(tebe-21, žena-8)noe
noe
lemma: Noi 'Noah' search
Punčo uses two forms in subject positions: Noja, on the model of other new i-stems, and the CS form Noe (tagged Nmsvy). Possessive form noinь (besides noevь ) hints at possible interpretation of the word as an ā-stem.
inflection: new i-stem noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 1
dependency: vocative→2
ʾizleznì
izlezni
lemma: izlězna 'go out' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmm-2se
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
ti
ti
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sn
form: 2sg.nom
element 3
dependency: nsubj→2
iz
iz
lemma: iz 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
As a prefix, in CS /z/ is usually assimilated to voiceless consonants in the root onset; in Punčoʹs dialect, it is also often shortened to s- (e.g. skusen ʹexperiencedʹ).
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 4
dependency: case→5
kovčega
kovčega
lemma: kovčeg 'coffin' search
inflection: e-stem noun
tag: Nmsgn
form: m.sg.gen
element 5
dependency: obl:abl→2
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 6
dependency: cc→7
ženà
žena
lemma: žena 'woman' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsny
form: f.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: conj→3
tvoę`
tvoę
lemma: tvoi 'your' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Afsny
form: f.sg.nom.pron
element 8
dependency: amod:poss→7
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 9
dependency: cc→10
sinove
sinove
lemma: sin 'son' SJS search
CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 10
dependency: conj→7
tvóĭ
tvoi
lemma: tvoi 'your' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Ampny
form: m.pl.nom.pron
element 11
dependency: amod:poss→10
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 12
dependency: cc→13
ženï+
ženi
lemma: žena 'woman' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpny
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 13
dependency: conj→10
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fpn
form: f.pl.nom
element 14
dependency: det:p_nom→13
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 15
dependency: case→16
sínove+
sinove
lemma: sin 'son' SJS search
CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 16
dependency: nmod:poss→13
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 17
dependency: det:p_nom→16
tvóĭ
tvoi
lemma: tvoi 'your' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: Ampny
form: m.pl.nom.pron
element 18
dependency: amod:poss→16
sasь
sasъ
lemma: s 'with' search
tag: Si
form: preposition
element 19
dependency: case→20
tébe
tebe
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sg
form: 2sg.gen/acc (long)
element 20
dependency: nmod→7