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sentence 204
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
u+ lemma: u 'at'
form: preposition
edna. lemma: edin 'one'
form: f.sg.nom
nóštь lemma: nošt 'night'
form: f.sg.nom
sьnuvà lemma: sъnuvam 'have a dream'
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
cr̃ь lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
edínь lemma: edin 'one'
form: m.sg.nom
sьnь lemma: sъn 'slumber, dream'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
kato+ lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
če+ lemma: če 'that'
form: conjunction
su lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
ʾizlézli lemma: izlěza 'go out'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
tri lemma: tri 'three'
form: text numeral
kamíli lemma: kamila 'camel'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
ʾizь lemma: iz 'from'
form: preposition
moré+ lemma: more 'sea'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
and one night the king dreamt about three camels coming out of the sea
total elements: 17
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ROOT i u edna noštъ sъnuva crъ edinъ sъnъ kato če su izlezli tri kamili izъ more to
cc(i-2, sъnuva-6)
case(u-3, noštъ-5)
det(edna-4, noštъ-5)
obl:loc(noštъ-5, sъnuva-6)
root(sъnuva-6, ROOT)
nsubj(crъ-7, sъnuva-6)
det(edinъ-8, sъnъ-9)
obj(sъnъ-9, sъnuva-6)
mark(kato-10, izlezli-13)
fixed(če-11, kato-10)
aux:prf(su-12, izlezli-13)
advcl(izlezli-13, sъnuva-6)
nummod(tri-14, kamili-15)
nsubj(kamili-15, izlezli-13)
case(izъ-16, more-17)
obl:abl(more-17, izlezli-13)
det:p_nom(to-18, more-17)ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→5
u+
u
lemma: u 'at' search
tag: Sl
form: preposition
element 2
dependency: case→4
edna.
edna
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Afsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 3
dependency: det→4
nóštь
noštъ
lemma: nošt 'night' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 4
dependency: obl:loc→5
sьnuvà
sъnuva
lemma: sъnuvam 'have a dream' LOVe search
inflection: a-verb
suffixes: iterative -va-
tag: Vmia3si
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
element 5
dependency: root→0
cr̃ь
crъ
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 6
dependency: nsubj→5
edínь
edinъ
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: det→8
sьnь
sъnъ
lemma: sъn 'slumber, dream' SJS search
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 8
dependency: obj→5
kato+
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 9
dependency: mark→12
če+
če
lemma: če 'that' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 10
dependency: fixed→9
su
su
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vaip3pi
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 11
dependency: aux:prf→12
ʾizlézli
izlezli
lemma: izlěza 'go out' LOVe search
CS izlaziti, BG izlizam
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: ablative iz-
tag: Vmp--pe
form: l-ptcp (pf)
element 12
dependency: advcl→5
tri
tri
lemma: tri 'three' search
tag: Ml
form: text numeral
element 13
dependency: nummod→14
kamíli
kamili
lemma: kamila 'camel' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpny
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 14
dependency: nsubj→12
ʾizь
izъ
lemma: iz 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
As a prefix, in CS /z/ is usually assimilated to voiceless consonants in the root onset; in Punčoʹs dialect, it is also often shortened to s- (e.g. skusen ʹexperiencedʹ).
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 15
dependency: case→16
moré+
more
lemma: more 'sea' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 16
dependency: obl:abl→12
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 17
dependency: det:p_nom→16