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sentence 190
ta_ja lemma: toja 'that'
form: f.sg.nom
noštь lemma: nošt 'night'
form: f.sg.nom
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
sè lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.acc
sьmne lemma: sъmna 'break dawn, hang down'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
xoče lemma: xoču 'will'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
cr̃ь: lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
práti lemma: pratja 'send'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
џalátina lemma: džalatin 'executioner'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
poseče lemma: poseka 'cut down'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
va͒ lemma: vie 'you (pl.)'
form: 2pl.gen/acc (long)
dvoĭca lemma: dvoica 'pair'
form: f.sg.nom
ʾáxčíju+ lemma: axčija 'cook'
form: m.sg.dat
tu lemma: tъ 'the'
form: f.sg.acc
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
xlebára lemma: xlebar 'bread baker'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
ʺthis night, after the sunset, the king will send an executioner to kill you two, the cook and the bakerʺ
total elements: 18
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ROOT taja noštъ da se sъmne xoče crъ da prati џalatina da poseče vas dvoica axčiju tu i xlebara
det:ext(taja-2, noštъ-3)
nmod(noštъ-3, prati-10)
mark(da-4, sъmne-6)
expl(se-5, sъmne-6)
acl(sъmne-6, noštъ-3)
aux:fut(xoče-7, prati-10)
nsubj(crъ-8, prati-10)
fixed:inf(da-9, xoče-7)
root(prati-10, ROOT)
obj(џalatina-11, prati-10)
mark(da-12, poseče-13)
advcl(poseče-13, prati-10)
obj(vas-14, poseče-13)
appos(dvoica-15, vas-14)
appos(axčiju-16, dvoica-15)
det:p_nom(tu-17, axčiju-16)
cc(i-18, xlebara-19)
conj(xlebara-19, axčiju-16)ta_ja
taja
lemma: toja 'that' search
The basic form reflects m.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers f.sg.nom taja (Pd-fsn), f.sg.acc tuju (Pd-fsa) and pl.nom tija (Pd--pa).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pd-fsn
form: f.sg.nom
element 1
dependency: det:ext→2
noštь
noštъ
lemma: nošt 'night' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: i-stem noun
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 2
dependency: nmod→9
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 3
dependency: mark→5
sè
se
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---a
form: refl.acc
element 4
dependency: expl→5
sьmne
sъmne
lemma: sъmna 'break dawn, hang down' search
See sъvna.
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: delative sъ-
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 5
dependency: acl→2
xoče
xoče
lemma: xoču 'will' LOVe search
A variant of šta, likely a SC (or possibly Eastern CS) influence, also often used as future auxilia. Used if /č/ is a part of the word form. Punčo uses for 3pl.prs forms both xočat and xočut.
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 6
dependency: aux:fut→9
cr̃ь:
crъ
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: nsubj→9
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: fixed:inf→6
práti
prati
lemma: pratja 'send' search
Punčo uses the verb often with an imperfective meaning.
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 9
dependency: root→0
џalátina
џalatina
lemma: džalatin 'executioner' search
tr. cellat ʹexecutionerʹ
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 10
dependency: obj→9
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 11
dependency: mark→12
poseče
poseče
lemma: poseka 'cut down' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 12
dependency: advcl→9
va͒
vas
lemma: vie 'you (pl.)' search
Annotation of oblique forms: vas Pp2-pg, vam Pp2-pd, vi Pp2-pa
In CS text regularily distinguishing /y/ and /i/, a lemma vy can be used instead.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-pg
form: 2pl.gen/acc (long)
element 13
dependency: obj→12
dvoĭca
dvoica
lemma: dvoica 'pair' search
inflection: jā-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -ica
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 14
dependency: appos→13
ʾáxčíju+
axčiju
lemma: axčija 'cook' search
inflection: new i-stem noun
suffixes: TR agent -dži-
tag: Nmsdy
form: m.sg.dat
element 15
dependency: appos→14
tu
tu
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-fsa
form: f.sg.acc
element 16
dependency: det:p_nom→15
ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 17
dependency: cc→18
xlebára
xlebara
lemma: xlebar 'bread baker' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
suffixes: agent -arjь
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 18
dependency: conj→15