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sentence 382
ʾōtvorì lemma: otvorja 'open'
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
ʾáde lemma: Ad 'Hades'
form: m.sg.voc
vrata lemma: vrata 'door'
form: n.pl.nom/acc
ta lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.pl.nom
tvóĭ lemma: tvoi 'your'
form: pl
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
ulézne lemma: ulězna 'enter'
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
cr̃ь lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
slávi lemma: slava 'glory'
form: f.sg.gen
ʺo Hades, open your gates, so that the King of Glory entersʺ
total elements: 9
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ROOT otvori ade vrata ta tvoi da ulezne crъ slavi
root(otvori-2, ROOT)
vocative(ade-3, otvori-2)
obj(vrata-4, otvori-2)
det:p_nom(ta-5, vrata-4)
amod:poss(tvoi-6, vrata-4)
mark(da-7, ulezne-8)
advcl(ulezne-8, otvori-2)
nsubj(crъ-9, ulezne-8)
nmod:poss(slavi-10, crъ-9)ʾōtvorì
otvori
lemma: otvorja 'open' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: ablative otъ-
tag: Vmm-2se
form: 2sg.imp (pf)
element 1
dependency: root→0
ʾáde
ade
lemma: Ad 'Hades' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 2
dependency: vocative→1
vrata
vrata
lemma: vrata 'door' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nnpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 3
dependency: obj→1
ta
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-npn
form: n.pl.nom
element 4
dependency: det:p_nom→3
tvóĭ
tvoi
lemma: tvoi 'your' search
inflection: soft pronominal
suffixes: possessive -ьj-
tag: A-pnn
form: pl
element 5
dependency: amod:poss→3
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 6
dependency: mark→7
ulézne
ulezne
lemma: ulězna 'enter' LOVe search
A dialectal variant of BG vlězna.
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: allative u-
suffixes: perfective -nǫ-
tag: Vmip3se
form: 3sg.prs (pf)
element 7
dependency: advcl→1
cr̃ь
crъ
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 8
dependency: nsubj→7
slávi
slavi
lemma: slava 'glory' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfsgn
form: f.sg.gen
element 9
dependency: nmod:poss→8