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sentence 257
če+ lemma: če 'that'
form: conjunction
ʾakó+ lemma: ako 'if'
form: conjunction
mu lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.dat
nádvíešь lemma: nadvija 'defeat'
form: 2sg.prs (pf)
ʾá+ lemma: a 'and, but'
form: conjunction
tì lemma: ti 'you'
form: 2sg.nom
štéšь lemma: šta 'want'
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
da lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
cr͂uvašь lemma: caruvam 'reign'
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
sasь lemma: s 'with'
form: preposition
evre+ lemma: evrein 'Jew, Hebrew'
form: m.pl.nom
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
ʺso if you defeat him, you will rule with the Jewsʺ
total elements: 12
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ROOT če ako mu nadviešъ a ti štešъ da cruvašъ sasъ evre te
cc(če-2, cruvašъ-10)
mark(ako-3, nadviešъ-5)
obl:iobj(mu-4, nadviešъ-5)
advcl(nadviešъ-5, cruvašъ-10)
cc(a-6, cruvašъ-10)
nsubj(ti-7, cruvašъ-10)
aux:fut(štešъ-8, cruvašъ-10)
fixed:inf(da-9, štešъ-8)
root(cruvašъ-10, ROOT)
case(sasъ-11, evre-12)
obl(evre-12, cruvašъ-10)
det:p_nom(te-13, evre-12)če+
če
lemma: če 'that' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→9
ʾakó+
ako
lemma: ako 'if' search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 2
dependency: mark→4
mu
mu
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msd
form: m.3sg.dat
element 3
dependency: obl:iobj→4
nádvíešь
nadviešъ
lemma: nadvija 'defeat' LOVe search
Object usually in dative (e.g. crь mu nadvi ʹthe emperor defeated himʹ).
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: superlative nadъ-
tag: Vmip2se
form: 2sg.prs (pf)
element 4
dependency: advcl→9
ʾá+
a
lemma: a 'and, but' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 5
dependency: cc→9
tì
ti
lemma: ti 'you' search
Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Pp2-sn
form: 2sg.nom
element 6
dependency: nsubj→9
štéšь
štešъ
lemma: šta 'want' LOVe search
Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete ʹyou will sayʹ), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju ʹyou will get what you needʹ).
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vaip2si
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
element 7
dependency: aux:fut→9
da
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: fixed:inf→7
cr͂uvašь
cruvašъ
lemma: caruvam 'reign' SJS LOVe search
inflection: a-verb
suffixes: iterative -ova-
tag: Vmip2si
form: 2sg.prs (ipf)
element 9
dependency: root→0
sasь
sasъ
lemma: s 'with' search
tag: Si
form: preposition
element 10
dependency: case→11
evre+
evre
lemma: evrein 'Jew, Hebrew' search
Punčo uses both evree and evrei as pl.nom.
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 11
dependency: obl→9
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 12
dependency: det:p_nom→11