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sentence 169
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
kóĭto lemma: koito 'who'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
ne+ lemma: ne 'no, not'
form: negation particle
e lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
vídelь lemma: vidja 'see'
form: l-ptcp (pf)
táʾja lemma: toja 'that'
form: n.pl.nom
čudésa lemma: čudo 'miracle'
form: n.pl.nom/acc
ʾá+ lemma: a 'and, but'
form: conjunction
ʾwnь lemma: on 'he'
form: m.3sg.nom
po+ lemma: po (2) '(comparative particle)'
form: degree particle
dobrè lemma: dobre 'well'
form: adverb
da+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
ve_ruva lemma: věrvam 'believe'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
va+ lemma: v ''
form: preposition
edínago lemma: edin 'one'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
sína lemma: sin 'son'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
bž̃ia lemma: boži ''
form: m.sg.gen/acc
and who has not seen these wonders, he might better believe in the one divine son
total elements: 17
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ROOT i koito ne e videlъ taja čudesa a onъ po dobre da veruva va edinago sina bžia
cc(i-2, videlъ-6)
mark(koito-3, videlъ-6)
advmod(ne-4, videlъ-6)
aux:prf(e-5, videlъ-6)
acl(videlъ-6, onъ-10)
det:ext(taja-7, čudesa-8)
obj(čudesa-8, videlъ-6)
cc(a-9, veruva-14)
nsubj(onъ-10, veruva-14)
advmod(po-11, dobre-12)
advmod(dobre-12, veruva-14)
aux:might(da-13, veruva-14)
root(veruva-14, ROOT)
case(va-15, sina-17)
amod(edinago-16, sina-17)
obl(sina-17, veruva-14)
amod(bžia-18, sina-17)ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→5
kóĭto
koito
lemma: koito 'who' search
Pr---g kogoto, Pr---d komuto
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: Pr-msn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 2
dependency: mark→5
ne+
ne
lemma: ne 'no, not' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Qz
form: negation particle
element 3
dependency: advmod→5
e
e
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vaip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 4
dependency: aux:prf→5
vídelь
videlъ
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmp--se
form: l-ptcp (pf)
element 5
dependency: acl→9
táʾja
taja
lemma: toja 'that' search
The basic form reflects m.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers f.sg.nom taja (Pd-fsn), f.sg.acc tuju (Pd-fsa) and pl.nom tija (Pd--pa).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pd-npn
form: n.pl.nom
element 6
dependency: det:ext→7
čudésa
čudesa
lemma: čudo 'miracle' search
Commonly written čjudo in CS and older sources. Punčo prefers spelling čudo, and also uses it in the more general meaning ʹstoryʹ, not necessarily miraculous.
inflection: s-stem noun
tag: Nnpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 7
dependency: obj→5
ʾá+
a
lemma: a 'and, but' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 8
dependency: cc→13
ʾwnь
onъ
lemma: on 'he' search
Used for both personal (Pp3msn, as a dialectal variant of toi) and distal demonstrative pronoun.
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pp3msn
form: m.3sg.nom
element 9
dependency: nsubj→13
po+
po
lemma: po (2) '(comparative particle)' search
inflection: comparative
tag: Qc
form: degree particle
element 10
dependency: advmod→11
dobrè
dobre
lemma: dobre 'well' search
CS dobrě
suffixes: n.sg.loc -ě
tag: R
form: adverb
element 11
dependency: advmod→13
da+
da
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 12
dependency: aux:might→13
ve_ruva
veruva
lemma: věrvam 'believe' LOVe search
inflection: a-verb
suffixes: iterative -va-
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 13
dependency: root→0
va+
va
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 14
dependency: case→16
edínago
edinago
lemma: edin 'one' search
Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Amsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
element 15
dependency: amod→16
sína
sina
lemma: sin 'son' SJS search
CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 16
dependency: obl→13
bž̃ia
bžia
tag: Amsgn
form: m.sg.gen/acc
element 17
dependency: amod→16