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sentence 162
Cato lemma: kato 'as'
form: conjunction
videha lemma: vidja 'see'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (ipf)
tovà lemma: tova 'that'
form: n.sg.nom
golemo lemma: golěm 'big'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
ciudesse lemma: čudo 'miracle'
form: n.sg.gen
Cristiane+ lemma: xristianin 'Christian'
form: m.pl.nom
te, lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.pl.nom
as the Christians saw this great miracle
od lemma: od 'from, of'
form: preposition
rados lemma: radost 'joy'
form: f.sg.nom
poroniha lemma: poronja 'shed'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
salʒi, lemma: sъlza 'tear'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
they poured tears of joy
i lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
zaplakaha; lemma: zaplača 'cry'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
and cried
total elements: 13
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ROOT kato videxa tova golemo čiudesse kristiane te od rados poronixa salci i zaplakaxa
mark(kato-2, videxa-3)
advcl(videxa-3, poronixa-11)
det:ext(tova-4, čiudesse-6)
amod(golemo-5, čiudesse-6)
obj(čiudesse-6, videxa-3)
nsubj(kristiane-7, videxa-3)
det:p_nom(te-8, kristiane-7)
case(od-9, rados-10)
obl:abl(rados-10, poronixa-11)
root(poronixa-11, ROOT)
obj(salci-12, poronixa-11)
cc(i-13, zaplakaxa-14)
conj(zaplakaxa-14, poronixa-11)Cato
kato
lemma: kato 'as' search
suffixes: demonstrative -to
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: mark→2
videha
videxa
lemma: vidja 'see' SJS LOVe search
BG vidja ʹseeʹ is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover both aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses). Biaspectual in SJS.
inflection: i-verb
suffixes: stative -ě-
tag: Vmii3pi
form: 3pl.aor/impf (ipf)
element 2
dependency: advcl→10
tovà
tova
lemma: tova 'that' search
The basic form reflects n.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers m.sg oblique forms togova (Pd-msg) and tomuva (Pd-msd).
inflection: hard stem pronominal
suffixes: demonstrative -va
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 3
dependency: det:ext→5
golemo
golemo
lemma: golěm 'big' search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Ansnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 4
dependency: amod→5
ciudesse
čiudesse
lemma: čudo 'miracle' search
Commonly written čjudo in CS and older sources. Punčo prefers spelling čudo, and also uses it in the more general meaning ʹstoryʹ, not necessarily miraculous.
inflection: s-stem noun
tag: Nnsgn
form: n.sg.gen
element 5
dependency: obj→2
Cristiane+
kristiane
lemma: xristianin 'Christian' search
Punčo uses both -e and -i in pl.nom (6 vs. 9 in first 20 ch.)
inflection: ethno-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -inъ
tag: Nmpny
form: m.pl.nom
element 6
dependency: nsubj→2
te,
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-mpn
form: m.pl.nom
element 7
dependency: det:p_nom→6
od
od
lemma: od 'from, of' search
Variant of ot, commonly used by Carski (and in MK).
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 8
dependency: case→9
rados
rados
lemma: radost 'joy' LOVe search
inflection: i-stem noun
suffixes: abstract -ostь
tag: Nfsnn
form: f.sg.nom
element 9
dependency: obl:abl→10
poroniha
poronixa
lemma: poronja 'shed' search
inflection: i-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmii3pe
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
element 10
dependency: root→0
salʒi,
salci
lemma: sъlza 'tear' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpnn
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 11
dependency: obj→10
i
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 12
dependency: cc→13
zaplakaha;
zaplakaxa
lemma: zaplača 'cry' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: postlative za-
tag: Vmii3pe
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
element 13
dependency: conj→10