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sentence 227
i lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
ęko, lemma: jako 'very much'
form: adverb
prezè lemma: prevzema 'overtake'
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
dъ+ lemma: da 'to'
form: conjunction
dъržì. lemma: dъrža 'hold'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
blgočestívyʺ lemma: blagočestiv 'honorable'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
crъ lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
bol'gar'skyʺ. lemma: bъlgarski 'of Bulgaria'
form: m.sg.nom.pron
Iwán'nь lemma: Ioan 'John'
form: m.sg.nom
asě´novъ, lemma: Asěnov 'Asenʹs'
form: m.sg.nom
sínъ lemma: sin 'son'
form: m.sg.nom
na+ lemma: na 'on, to, for'
form: preposition
stárago lemma: star 'old'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
crę` lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
asě´na, lemma: Asěn 'Asen'
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
and the blessed King of Bulgaria Ioann Asěn, son of the old King Asěn, took (it) well to (his) command (?)
total elements: 15
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ROOT i ęko preze dъ dъrži blgočestivii crъ bolgarskii ioannъ asěnovъ sinъ na starago crę asěna
cc(i-2, preze-4)
advmod(ęko-3, preze-4)
root(preze-4, ROOT)
mark(dъ-5, dъrži-6)
advcl(dъrži-6, preze-4)
amod(blgočestivii-7, crъ-8)
nsubj(crъ-8, preze-4)
amod(bolgarskii-9, crъ-8)
appos(ioannъ-10, crъ-8)
appos:poss(asěnovъ-11, ioannъ-10)
conj(sinъ-12, ioannъ-10)
case(na-13, crę-15)
amod(starago-14, crę-15)
nmod:poss(crę-15, sinъ-12)
appos(asěna-16, crę-15)i
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→3
ęko,
ęko
lemma: jako 'very much' search
tag: R
form: adverb
element 2
dependency: advmod→3
prezè
preze
lemma: prevzema 'overtake' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: perlative prě-
tag: Vmia3se
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
element 3
dependency: root→0
dъ+
dъ
lemma: da 'to' search
See the Reference Grammar for more details on the use of its function.
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 4
dependency: mark→5
dъržì.
dъrži
lemma: dъrža 'hold' LOVe search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 5
dependency: advcl→3
blgočestívyʺ
blgočestivii
lemma: blagočestiv 'honorable' search
inflection: hard adjectival
prefixes: benefactive blago-
suffixes: relational -iv-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 6
dependency: amod→7
crъ
crъ
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: nsubj→3
bol'gar'skyʺ.
bolgarskii
lemma: bъlgarski 'of Bulgaria' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -ьsk-
tag: Amsny
form: m.sg.nom.pron
element 8
dependency: amod→7
Iwán'nь
ioannъ
lemma: Ioan 'John' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 9
dependency: appos→7
asě´novъ,
asěnovъ
lemma: Asěnov 'Asenʹs' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: possessive -ov-
tag: Amsnn
form: m.sg.nom
element 10
dependency: appos:poss→9
sínъ
sinъ
lemma: sin 'son' SJS search
CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 11
dependency: conj→9
na+
na
lemma: na 'on, to, for' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
In OCS also ʹagainstʹ (with acc). The dative-like meaning ʹforʹ is attested from the 14th c. onwards.
tag: Sa
form: preposition
element 12
dependency: case→14
stárago
starago
lemma: star 'old' LOVe search
inflection: hard adjectival
tag: Amsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.pron
element 13
dependency: amod→14
crę`
crę
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 14
dependency: nmod:poss→11
asě´na,
asěna
lemma: Asěn 'Asen' search
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsgy
form: m.sg.gen/acc.anim
element 15
dependency: appos→14