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sentence 46
i lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
pozna lemma: poznaja 'know, understand'
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
crь lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.nom
jako lemma: jako (2) 'as'
form: conjunction
tь" lemma: tъ 'the'
form: m.sg.nom
jes lemma: sъm 'be'
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
snь lemma: sin 'son'
form: m.sg.nom
ego lemma: toi 'he'
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (long)
and the king recognized his son
total elements: 8
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ROOT i pozna crъ jako tъ jes snъ ego
cc(i-2, pozna-3)
root(pozna-3, ROOT)
nsubj(crъ-4, pozna-3)
mark(jako-5, jes-7)
nsubj(tъ-6, jes-7)
advcl(jes-7, pozna-3)
obl:pred(snъ-8, pozna-3)
nmod:poss(ego-9, snъ-8)i
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→2
pozna
pozna
lemma: poznaja 'know, understand' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: delimitative po-
tag: Vmia3se
form: 2/3sg.aor (pf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
crь
crъ
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 3
dependency: nsubj→2
jako
jako
lemma: jako (2) 'as' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 4
dependency: mark→6
tь"
tъ
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-msn
form: m.sg.nom
element 5
dependency: nsubj→6
jes
jes
lemma: sъm 'be' SJS LOVe search
Used for most forms of the ʹbeʹ verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. In OCS, bъda is used also for the infinitive and other forms based on the aorist stem.
inflection: athematic
tag: Vmip3si
form: 3sg.prs (ipf)
element 6
dependency: advcl→2
snь
snъ
lemma: sin 'son' SJS search
CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsny
form: m.sg.nom
element 7
dependency: obl:pred→2
ego
ego
lemma: toi 'he' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
inflection: nominal pronoun
suffixes: demonstrative -j-
tag: Pp3msg
form: m.3sg.gen/acc (long)
element 8
dependency: nmod:poss→7