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sentence 77
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
zanésoxu lemma: zanesa 'bring'
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
cr̃u lemma: car 'king, emperor'
form: m.sg.voc
pismó lemma: pismo 'letter'
form: n.sg.nom/acc
to lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.sg.nom
And they brought the writing to the king.
total elements: 5
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ROOT i zanesoxu cru pismo to
cc(i-2, zanesoxu-3)
root(zanesoxu-3, ROOT)
obl:iobj(cru-4, zanesoxu-3)
obj(pismo-5, zanesoxu-3)
det:p_nom(to-6, pismo-5)ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→2
zanésoxu
zanesoxu
lemma: zanesa 'bring' LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
prefixes: postlative za-
tag: Vmii3pe
form: 3pl.aor/impf (pf)
element 2
dependency: root→0
cr̃u
cru
lemma: car 'king, emperor' SJS search
OCS cěsarь, commonly shortened already in oldest texts.
Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e taken from other paradigms. The oscillation between i- and jo-stem is also reflected in modern CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
inflection: jo-stem noun
tag: Nmsvy
form: m.sg.voc
element 3
dependency: obl:iobj→2
pismó
pismo
lemma: pismo 'letter' search
inflection: n-stem noun
suffixes: singulative -mo
tag: Nnsnn
form: n.sg.nom/acc
element 4
dependency: obj→2
to
to
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-nsn
form: n.sg.nom
element 5
dependency: det:p_nom→4