chapter view
sentence 60
ʾi+ lemma: i 'and'
form: conjunction
kakvi lemma: kakъv 'what kind of'
form: pl
krьvavì lemma: kъrvav 'bloody'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
slь´zi lemma: sъlza 'tear'
form: f.pl.nom/acc
ʾizь lemma: iz 'from'
form: preposition
ʾwči+ lemma: oko 'eye'
form: n.dl.nom/acc
te lemma: tъ 'the'
form: pl.nom
si lemma: se 'self'
form: refl.dat
róneše lemma: ronja 'shed'
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
And how bloody tears did he shed from his eyes!
total elements: 9
tree view (.svg)
linear view (Embedded brat):
view .conllu
ROOT i kakvi krъvavi slъzi izъ oči te si roneše
cc(i-2, roneše-10)
amod:det(kakvi-3, slъzi-5)
amod(krъvavi-4, slъzi-5)
obj(slъzi-5, roneše-10)
case(izъ-6, oči-7)
obl:abl(oči-7, roneše-10)
det:p_nom(te-8, oči-7)
nmod:poss(si-9, oči-7)
root(roneše-10, ROOT)ʾi+
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: C
form: conjunction
element 1
dependency: cc→9
kakvi
kakvi
lemma: kakъv 'what kind of' search
Handled as A, if used adnominally.
suffixes: demonstrative -vo
tag: A-pnn
form: pl
element 2
dependency: amod:det→4
krьvavì
krъvavi
lemma: kъrvav 'bloody' search
inflection: hard adjectival
suffixes: relational -av-
tag: Afpnn
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 3
dependency: amod→4
slь´zi
slъzi
lemma: sъlza 'tear' search
inflection: ā-stem noun
tag: Nfpnn
form: f.pl.nom/acc
element 4
dependency: obj→9
ʾizь
izъ
lemma: iz 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
As a prefix, in CS /z/ is usually assimilated to voiceless consonants in the root onset; in Punčoʹs dialect, it is also often shortened to s- (e.g. skusen ʹexperiencedʹ).
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 5
dependency: case→6
ʾwči+
oči
lemma: oko 'eye' search
The common plural form oči is tagged Nndnn - being originally the dual form (CS pl.nom was očesa - it was an s-stem).
inflection: o-stem noun
prefixes: circumlative ob-
tag: Nndnn
form: n.dl.nom/acc
element 6
dependency: obl:abl→9
te
te
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd--pn
form: pl.nom
element 7
dependency: det:p_nom→6
si
si
lemma: se 'self' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
inflection: nominal pronoun
tag: Px---d
form: refl.dat
element 8
dependency: nmod:poss→6
róneše
roneše
lemma: ronja 'shed' search
inflection: i-verb
tag: Vmii3si
form: 2/3sg.impf (ipf)
element 9
dependency: root→0