chapter view
sentence 50
ʾizь lemma: iz 'from'
form: preposition
ʾu_sta+ lemma: usta 'mouth'
form: n.pl.nom/acc
ta+ lemma: tъ 'the'
form: n.pl.nom
ĭ lemma: i 'and'
form: f.3sg.dat
médь lemma: med 'honey'
form: m.sg.nom/acc
kápe lemma: kapja 'drop'
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
kogì lemma: koga 'when'
form: interrogative
xorotúva lemma: xorotuvam 'talk'
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
A honey dips from her mouth, when she speaks.
total elements: 8
tree view (.svg)
linear view (Embedded brat):
view .conllu
ROOT izъ usta ta i medъ kape kogi xorotuva
case(izъ-2, usta-3)
obl:abl(usta-3, kape-7)
det:p_nom(ta-4, usta-3)
nmod:poss(i-5, usta-3)
nsubj(medъ-6, kape-7)
root(kape-7, ROOT)
mark(kogi-8, xorotuva-9)
advcl(xorotuva-9, kape-7)ʾizь
izъ
lemma: iz 'from' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
As a prefix, in CS /z/ is usually assimilated to voiceless consonants in the root onset; in Punčoʹs dialect, it is also often shortened to s- (e.g. skusen ʹexperiencedʹ).
tag: Sg
form: preposition
element 1
dependency: case→2
ʾu_sta+
usta
lemma: usta 'mouth' search
inflection: o-stem noun
tag: Nnpnn
form: n.pl.nom/acc
element 2
dependency: obl:abl→6
ta+
ta
lemma: tъ 'the' search
Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te ʹfrom the eyesʹ: Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo ʹand he angered the kingʹ: Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi ʹbecause of thatʹ: Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči ʹher eyesʹ: Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stolʹpo ʹthe pillarʹ: Nmson
inflection: hard stem pronominal
tag: Pd-npn
form: n.pl.nom
element 3
dependency: det:p_nom→2
ĭ
i
lemma: i 'and' SJS SNSP Miklosich search
tag: Pp3fsd
form: f.3sg.dat
element 4
dependency: nmod:poss→2
médь
medъ
lemma: med 'honey' SJS search
A u-stem in CS.
inflection: monosyllabic noun
tag: Nmsnn
form: m.sg.nom/acc
element 5
dependency: nsubj→6
kápe
kape
lemma: kapja 'drop' SJS LOVe search
inflection: e-verb
tag: Vmia3si
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
element 6
dependency: root→0
kogì
kogi
lemma: koga 'when' search
Often used by Punčo as a relative pronoun too.
tag: Pq
form: interrogative
element 7
dependency: mark→8
xorotúva
xorotuva
lemma: xorotuvam 'talk' search
The form is based on Punčoʹs use. Demina (et al. 2012:1084) has xorotja ʹgovorja, prikazvam neštoʹ, an i-verb. Other spellings include xoratuvam (RBE: link), xortuvam (rechnik.chitanka) - both a-verbs.
inflection: a-verb
suffixes: iterative -ova-
tag: Vmia3si
form: 2/3sg.aor (ipf)
element 8
dependency: advcl→6